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History of the development of the temperate forest flora in Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R. from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene

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Abstract

Exact dating of the floras existing in western Kazakhstan during the Oligocene and Early Miocene permits a detailed examination of the formation of a temperate flora during the Rupelian (Early Oligocene), Chattian (Late Oligocene), Aquitanian (the beginning of Early Miocene) and the Burdigalian (end of Early Miocene) Ages and at the same time an establishment of the sequence in the origin and the disappearance of a flora of Turgayan type (the “Turgayan flora” of Kryshtofovich) in Kazakhstan. The most important aspects (composition and terminology) of a previous subtropical flora of a Drevlyanian (possibly Volynian) ecological type (the “Poltavian” flora of Kryshtofovich), which had developed in Kazakhstan and the Ukraine during the Eocene, are also discussed.

The text is intended for botanists of various special interests, e.g., paleobotanists, phytogeographers and floristicians, as well as for geologists, especially stratigraphers and paleogeographers. The bibliography comprises more than 200 references and there are seven tables.

Four new species,Aponogeton czokusianus A. Andrejev,Nyssa sibirica Dorof,Pinus flexuosa Ig. Vassil., andTrapa bronevoyi V. Vassil., are described.

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    Sergey G. Zhilin

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This updated translation of Dr. Zhilin’s paper in Komarov Readings is presented in an effort to help familiarize anglophone botanists with current Soviet thinking about angiosperm paleobotany. We have followed the style of the original, and departed from usualBotanical Review style, in the inclusion of a few items in the bibliography that are not specifically cited in the text. The Cenozoic time-scale (in millions of years before the present) shown on p. ii is an editorial insertion for the convenience of readers, taken from my own recent book,The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants, published by The New York Botanical Garden. The illustrations that have been added were provided by the author.—Arthur Cronquist.

Dr. Zhilin is at the V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Prof. Popov Street 2, 197022 Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

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Zhilin, S.G. History of the development of the temperate forest flora in Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R. from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene. Bot. Rev 55, 205–330 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858522

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