Abstract
The tuber-bearingSolanums are a unique and wonderful collection of interesting cultivated and wild species that span the mountainous regions from the southwestern United States to the southern tip of Chile. They grow from desert areas to cloud forests, from cultivated fields to stony mountain slopes. They have proven to be a useful source of genes for improvement and other investigative studies. The wealth of variability and usefulness they represent is reflected by their use in a variety of disciplines — breeding, biochemistry, cytogenetics, entomology, genetics, nematology, pathology, food science/processing, etc. Genes for resistance to pests such as aphids, leafhopper and flea beetles, golden and knotroot nematodes, late blight, potato viruses X and Y, and characters such as chipping direct from storage, high solids, frost resistance, tuber shape and color, 2n gamete production, endosperm viability, and enhanced yield are just a few of the characteristics contributed by this invaluable resource. To insure availability of this important resource, several national and international collection(s) of tuber-bearingSolanums have been established. Expeditions have been sent to collect in rural markets as well as in remote mountainous regions only accessible by foot or mule. Screening of the accessions is the key needed to expose the genetic treasure hidden within. The potato is a rich resource that we who work with greatly value. Equally unique are the collaborators who so unselfishly share their findings and materials with others. We work with a crop blessed with an overwhelmingly rich variability and a generous, unselfish community of users.
Compendio
LosSolanum tuberizantes son una singular y maravillosa colección de especies cultivadas y silvestres interesantes que se extienden desde las regiones montañosas del suroeste de los Estados Unidos hasta los bosques nublados y desde los campos cultivados hasta las laderas de las montañas pedregosas. Ellos han probado ser una fuente útil de genes para el mejoramiento y otros estudios de investigación. La riqueza en variabilidad y la utilidad que representa se refleja en su utilización en una serie de disciplinas-mejoramiento, bioquímica, citogenética, entomología, genética, nematología, pathología, ciencia alimentaria/procesamiento, etc. Genes para resistencia a plagas tales como áfidos, cigarritas y escarabajos-pulga, a los nematodos dorado y del nodulo de la raiz, al tizón tardío, a los virus X y Y de la papa, y características como su transporte directo del almacén, alto contenido de sólidos, resistencia a las heladas, forma y color del tubérculo, producción de gametos 2n, viabilidad del endosperma, e incremento del rendimiento son unas cuantas de las características con las que ha contribuido este invalorable recurso. Para asegurar la disponibilidad de este importante recurso han sido establecidas varias colecciones nacionales y una internacional de Solanum tuberizantes. Se han enviado expediciones para efectuar colecciones en los mercados rurales al igual que en regiones montañosas lejanas accesibles solamente a pie o a mula.
La evaluación y selección de entradas es la clave requerida para exponer la riqueza genética que se esconde dentro de ellas. La papa es un valioso recurso que los que trabajamos con él apreciamos mucho. Igualmente singulares son los colaboradores que tan generosamente comparten con otros sus descubrimientos y materiales. Trabajamos con un cultivo bendito con una abrumadora riqueza en variabilidad y una communidad de usuarios generosos y desinteresados.
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This work is a cooperative investigation of the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station.