Abstract
The yield and quality response of Russet Burbank potatoes to simulated hail damage was dependent upon the amount of damage and on the growth stage at which the damage occurred. Plots of Russet Burbank potato plants were subjected to 0%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% defoliation at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, or 14 weeks after emergence. A motorized flail was used to simulate the complex damage that occurs during a natural hail storm.
Early season simulated hail damage, when the plants were mainly vegetative, caused yield losses proportional to the degree of damage. Simulated hail damage during the early phases of tuber growth caused minor yield losses (< 5%) at low defoliation levels but severe losses at the higher levels with proportional loss of tuber quality. Defoliation later in the season resulted in progressively less reduction of both yield and quality. At or near maturity, late season simulated hail damage caused insignificant losses unless the stems were damaged enough to prevent nutrition and carbohydrate translocation into the tubers.
Compendio
Los resultados en el rendimiento y la calidad de papas Russet Burbank en respuesta al daño por simulacro de granizo, dependieron de la intensidad del daño y del periodo de crecimiento en el cual se presenté el daño. Parcelas de plantas de papa Russet Burbank fueron sometidas a un proceso de defoliación de 0%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% y 100%, a las 3, 5, 7,9, 11 o 14 semanas después de la emergehcia. Para simular el daño complejo que se presenta durante una tormenta de granizo natural, se utilizó un azotador motorizado.
El daño por granizo, simulado al comienzo de la estación, cuando las plantas están principalmente en estado vegetativo, causó pérdidas en el rendimiento proporcionales al grado de daño. El daño por granizo simulado en las fases tempranas de la tuberización causó pérdidas menores (< 5%) a niveles bajos de defoliación, pero las pérdidas fueron severas a niveles más altos y causaron pérdidas proporcionales en la calidad de los tubérculos. La defoliación hacia el final de la estación dio como resultado una reductión progresiva tanto en el rendimiento como en la calidad. En la madurez o cerca de ella, el daño por granizo simulado, hacia el final de la estación, causó pérdidas insignifiantes salvo en los casos en que los tallos fueron dañados en tal grado que se impidió la traslocación de nutrientes e hidratos de carbono hacia los tubérculos.
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Paper No. 89746 from the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Idaho, College of Agriculture, Moscow, Idaho 83843. Portions of this research were supported by the National Crop Insurance Services, Inc. and the Idaho Potato Commission.
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Wille, M.J., Kleinkopf, G.E. Effect of simulated hail damage on yield and quality of Russet Burbank potatoes. American Potato Journal 69, 705–714 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853814
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853814