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Survival ofHelminthosporium solani in soil andin vitro colonization of senescent plant tissue

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Abstract

Silver scurf, caused byHelminthosporium solani, is considered to be a tuberborne disease of potato. The ability ofH. solani to overwinter in soil was evaluated in field studies at two locations in New York during 1992. Field plots were established at sites whereH. solani infected potatoes had been produced in 1991. Plants produced from pathogen-free tubers of four cultivars yielded tubers infected with silver scurf at both locations. Up to 61% of tubers were infected in some plots. The ability ofH. solani to colonize leaf tissue was evaluated inin vitro assays. Detached leaves of ten crops were sprayed with a spore suspension ofH. solani and incubated for 20 days.H. solani colonized and sporulated on senescent leaf tissue of alfalfa, sorghum, rye, oats, corn and wheat, and only colonized senescent tissue of rapeseed, red clover and buckwheat. No growth was observed on potato leaf tissue. These results indicate that soil survival and saprophytic ability may be important in the epidemiology of silver scurf of potato.

Compendio

La costra plateada, causada por Helminthosporium solani, es considerada una enfermedad de la papa que se origina en el tubérculo. En 1992, se evaluó en estudios de campo en dos localidades de Nueva York, la capacidad de H. solani de invernar en el suelo. Se establecieron parcelas de campo en lugares donde se habían producido papas infectadas con H. solani en 1991. Las plantas de cuatro cultivares obtenidas de tubérculos libres del patógeno produjeron, en ambas localidades, tubérculos infectados con la costra plateada. En algunas parcelas fueron infectados hasta 61% de los tubérculos. Se evaluó en ensayos in vitro la capacidad de H. solani para colonizar el tejido foliar. Se asperjaron con una suspension de esporas de H. solani hojas desprendidas de diez cultivos y se incubaron por 20 días. H. solani colonizó y esporuló sobre el tejido de hojas senescentes de alfalfa, sorgo, centeno, avena, maíz y trigo y solo colonizó, tejido senescente de colza, trébol rojo y trigo sarraceno. No se observó crecimiento sobre el tejido foliar de papa. Estos resultados indican que la sobrevivencia en el suelo y la capacidad saprofítica pueden ser importantes en la epidemiologia de la costra plateada de la papa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, NY

    Carmen L. Mérida (Graduate Student) & Rosemary Loria (Associate Professor)

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  1. Carmen L. Mérida
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  2. Rosemary Loria
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Mérida, C.L., Loria, R. Survival ofHelminthosporium solani in soil andin vitro colonization of senescent plant tissue. American Potato Journal 71, 591–598 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02851524

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02851524

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