Abstract
Addition of 0.5 g/L CaCl2 to the fermentation medium lowered the final biomass dry mass by 35% and increased the uptake of phosphate and sucrose, and the production of citric acid by 15, 35 and 50%, respectively. In a medium deprived of Ca2+ the microorganism displayed both a pelleted and a filamentous form of growth, the hyphae being scarcely branched, without bulbous cells. An addition of Ca2+ induced a pelleted form of growth, highly branched hyphae and numerous bulbous cells. Bulbous cells growing in the presence of Ca2+ exhibited cell walls composed of laminated layers, and featured vesicles associated with the wall and/or the cell membrane, containing numerous inclusions. The cytotoxic effect of high concentrations of citric acid in the medium as well as an increase of the activity of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, a lytic enzyme, might be involved in these morphological changes.
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Pera, L.M., Callieri, D.A. Influence of calcium on fungal growth, hyphal morphology and citric acid production inaspergillus niger . Folia Microbiol 42, 551–556 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02815463
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02815463