Abstract
An understanding of the optical properties of biological media and cells is essential to the development of noninvasive optical studies of tissues. Unicellular organisms offer a unique opportunity to investigate the factors affecting light propagation, since they can be manipulated in ways impossible for more complex biological samples. In this study, we examined optical absorption and scattering properties of strongly multiple scattering yeast suspensions by means of near-infrared (NIR) time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) and a sample substitution method. We determined the critical parameters for photon migration by varying the cell organelle content, the cell ploidy, the cell size, and the concentration of suspended cells. The results indicate that the photon absorption is insensitive to cell differentiation and that the cell volume is the primary factor determining light-scattering property.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- NIR:
-
near-infrared
- TRS:
-
time-resolved spectroscopy
- μa and μ ′s :
-
absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (Napierian log base), respectively
- μa |Patt and μ ′s | Patt:
-
absorption and reduced scattering coefficients, respectively, obtained by fitting the TRS data
- αtr :
-
transport cross-section.
References
Patterson, M. S., Chance, B., and Wilson, B. C. (1989) Time Resolved Reflectance and Transmittance for the noninvasive measurement of tissue optical properties.Appl. Opt. 28, 2331–2336.
Wilson, B. C., Sevick, E., Patterson, M. S., and Chance, B. (1992) Time-dependent optical spectroscopy and imaging for biomedical applications.Proc. IEEE 80, 918–930.
Chance, B., Leigh, J., Miyake, H., Smith, D., Nioka, S., Greenfeld, R., Finlander, M., Kaufmann, K., Levy, W., Young, M., Cohen, P., Yoshioka, H., and Boretsky, R. (1988) Comparison of time-resolved and un-resolved measurements of deoxyhemoglobin in brain.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 4971–4975.
Chance, B., Nioka, S., Kent, J., Mc Cully, K., Fountain, M., Greenfeld, R., and Holtom, G. (1988) Time-resolved spectroscopy of hemoglobin and myoglobin resting and ischemic muscle.Anal. Biochem. 174, 698–707.
Sevick, E. M., Chance, B., Leigh, J., Nioka, S., and Maris, M. (1991) Quantitation of time- and frequency-resolved optical spectra for the determination of tissue oxygenation.Anal. Biochem. 195, 330–351.
Liu, H., Miwa, M., Beauvoit, B., Wang, N. G., and Chance, B. (1993) Characterization of absorption and scattering properties of small-volume biological samples using Time-Resolved Spectroscopy.Anal. Biochem. 213, 378–385.
Van de Hulst, H. C. (1957)Light Scattering by Small Particles. Wiley, New York, p. 509.
Ishimaru, A. (1978)Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media. Academic, New York, p. 372.
Bohren C. V., and Huffman, D. R. (1983)Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles. Wiley, New York, p. 530.
Kerker, M. (1983) Elastic and inelastic light scattering in flow cytometry.Cytometry 4, 1–10.
Cross, D. A., and Latimer, P. (1972) Angular dependence of scattering fromEscherichia coli cells.Appl. Opt. 11, 1225–1228.
Reynolds, L., Johnson, C., and Ishimaru, A. (1976) Diffusive reflectance from a finite blood medium: applications to the modeling of fiber optic catheters.Appl. Opt. 15, 2059–2067.
Sloot, P. M. A., Hoekstra, A. G., and Figdor, C. G. (1988) Osmotic response of lymphocytes measured by means of forward light scattering: theoretical considerations.Cytometry 9, 636–641.
Steinke, J. M., and Shepherd, A. P. (1988) Comparison of Mie theory and the light scattering of red blood cells.Appl. Opt. 27, 4027–4033.
Frank, K. H., Kessler, M., Appelbaum, K., Albrecht, H. P., and Mauch, E. D. (1989) Measurements of angular distributions of Rayleigh and Mie scattering events in biological models.Phys. Med. Biol. 34, 1901–1916.
Segel, G., Cokelet, G. R., and Lichtman, M. A. (1981) The measurement of lymphocyte volume: importance of reference particle deformability and counting solution tonicity.Blood 57, 894–899.
Baldwin, W. W., and Kubitschek, H. E. (1984) Buoyant density variation during the cell cycle ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae.J. Bacteriol. 158, 701–704.
Tyson, C. B., Lod, P. G., and Wheals, A. E. (1979) Dependence of size ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae cells on growth rate.J. Bacteriol. 138, 92–98.
Baroni, M. D., Martegani, E., Monti, P., and Alberghina, L. (1989) Cell size modulation by CDC25 and RAS2 genes inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 2715–2723.
Varoni, M., Vai, M., Popolo, L., and Alberghina, L. (1983) Structural heterogeneity in populations of the budding yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae.J. Bacteriol. 156, 1282–1291.
Adams, J. (1977) The interrelationship of cell growth and division in haploid and diploid cells ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Exp. Cell Res. 106, 267–275.
Lorincz, A., and Carter, B. L. A. (1979) Control of cell size at bud initiation inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.J. Gen. Microbiol. 113, 287–295.
Johnston, G. C., Ehrhardt, C. W., Lorincz, A., and Carter, B. L. A. (1979) Regulation of cell size in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae.J. Bacteriol. 137, 1–5.
Fujime, S., Takasaki-Ohsita, M., and Miyamoto, S. (1988) Dynamic light scattering from polydisperse suspensions of large spheres. Characterization of isolated secretory granules.Biophys. J. 54, 1179–1184.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Beauvoit, B., Liu, H., Kang, K. et al. Characterization of absorption and scattering properties for various yeast strains by time-resolved spectroscopy. Cell Biophysics 23, 91–109 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02796508
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02796508