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There are just four second-order quantifiers

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Abstract

Among the second-order quantifiers ranging over relations satisfying a first-order sentence, there are four for which any other one is bi-interpretable with one of them: the trivial, monadic, permutational, and full second order.

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Shelah, S. There are just four second-order quantifiers. Israel J. Math. 15, 282–300 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02787572

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02787572

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