Abstract
The total reflection x-ray fluorescence method (TRXRF) has been employed to determine of P, S, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, and Pb concentration in the benign breast tumor tissue from 68 women and in the cancerous breast tissue from 26 women. Concentrations of most of elements show enhancement in cancerous breast tissue. Examined elements compete for binding sites in the cell, change its enzymatic activity, and exert direct or indirect action on the carcinogenic process accelerating the growth of rumors. Inhibition of enzymatic activity caused by variation in trace element concentrations results in immunological breakdown of the body system. An attempt has been made to correlate measured trace element concentrations with the clinical stage of cancer. Physical bases of used analytical method, experimental setup, and the procedure of sample preparation are described.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. S. Prasad,Trace Elements and Ion in Human Metabolism, Wiley, New York (1978).
G. V. Iyengar,Biol. Trace Element Res. 12, 263 (1987).
A. Furst, inTowards Mechanism of Metal Carcinogenesis, L. Fishbein, A. Furst, and M.A. Mehlman eds., Scientific Publishing, Princeton (1987).
A. Furst, inMetal Binding in Medicine, M. J. Serven and L. A. Johnson eds., J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp. 336–344 (1960).
L. M. Klevay, inMetabolism of Trace Metals in Man Development Aspects, vol.1, O. Mirennert and W. Y. Chan, eds., CRC, Boca Raton, p. 129(1984).
Keshan Disease Research Group of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Chin. Med. J. 92, 471 (1979).
H. Masumoto, G. Koya, and T. Kakeuchi,J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 24, 563 (1963).
M. Kohno, H. Sugihara, A. Kanai, Y. Someya, M. Tomotaki, and M. Tsuruta,Yuzen Iggakkai Zasshi 57, 2071 (1955).
I. H. Scheinberg and I. Sternlieb,Wilson’s Desease, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, (1984).
F. B. De Jorge, J. G. Sampalo, J. L. Guedes, and A. B. De Ulhoa,Clin. Chim. Acta 12, 403 (1965).
I. L. Mulay, R. Ray, B. E. Knox, N. H. Suhr, and W. E. Dalaney,J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47, 1 (1971).
A. E. Schwartz, G. W. Leddicotte, R. W. Fink, and E. W. Friedman,Surgery 76, 325 (1974).
P. M. Santoliquido, H. W. Southwick, and J. H. Oliwin,Surg. Gynecol Obstet. 142, 65 (1976).
S. L. Rizk and H. H. Sky-Peck,Cancer Res. 44, 5390 (1984).
P. C. Mangal and S. Kumar,Indian J. Phys. 58A, 355 (1984).
B. Arora, D. R. Arora, V. K. Dogra, M. S. Yadav, and I. Singh,Indian Medical/Gazette, p. 255 (1988).
G. N. Schrauzer, D. R. White, and C. J. Schneider,Bioinorg. Chem. 6, 265 (1976).
G. N. Schrauzer, T. Molenaar, S. Mead, K. Kuehn, H. Yamamoto, and E. Araki,Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 76, 377 (1985).
G. D. Kanias, E. Kouri, H. Arvaniti, H. Karaiosifidi, and S. Kouneli,Intern. Conf. Nucl. Anal. Meth. Life Sci. Prague, Sept. P-41 (1993).
A. N. Garg, R. G. Weginwar, and V. N. Sagdeo,Biol. Trace Element Res. 26, 27, 485 (1990).
A. N. Garg, V. Singh, R.G. Weginwar, and V. N. Sagdeo,Biol. Trace Element Res. 46, 185 (1994).
J. Versieck,CRC Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 199, 249 (1972).
K. Heydorn, inNeutron Activation Analysis for Clinical Trace Element Research, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 51–96 (1984).
K. H. Ng, D. A. Bradley, L. M. Looi, C. S. Mahmood, and A. K. Wood,Appl. Radiat. Isot. 44, 511 (1993).
S. K. Gupta, V. K. Shukla, M. P. Vaidya, S. K. Roy, and S. Gupta,Serum trace elements and Cu/Zn ratio in breast cancer patients, J. Surg. Oncol.46(3), 178–181, (1991).
I. S. Choi,Diss. Abstr. Int. 50, 5853 (1990).
P. Wobrauschek,J. Radiat. Nucl. Chem. 167, 433 (1993).
B. Dziunikowski,Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis, PWN, Warszawa (1991).
U. Majewska, D. Banas, E. Braziewicz, J. Braziewicz, and M. Pajek,Pol. J. Med. Phys. Eng. 1, 35 (1995).
E. Berman, inToxic Metals and Their Analysis, Heyden, London, p. 294 (1980).
W. R. Markesbery, W. D. Ehmann, T. I. M. Hossain, and M. Alauddin,Neurotoxicology 5, 49 (1984).
L. N. Vernie, M. De Vries, C. Benskhuijsen, J. J. DeGoeij, and C. Zegers,Cancer Lett. 18, 283 (1983).
G. N. Schrauzer, inSelenium in Medicine and Biology, J. Neve and A. Favier, eds., Walter De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 251–261 (1989);Biol. Trace Element Res. 33, 51 (1992).
M. Gerber, S. Richardson, R. Salkeld, and P. Chappuis,Cancer Invest. 91, 421 (1991).
Z. Chirulescu, C. Chiriloiu, A. Suciu, and R. Pirvulescu,Med. Intern. 25, 257 (1987).
P. K. Chakravorty, A. Ghosh, and J. R. Chaudhary,Neoplasma 33, 85 (1986).
E. J. Margalioth, J. G. Schenker, and M. Chevion,Cancer 52, 868 (1983).
S. J. S. De Flora, R. P. Sharma, R. A. Coulombe, Jr., and S. K. Tandon,Proceedings of the Second Nordic Symposium on Trace Elements in the Environment, Odense (WHO), Copenhagen, Poster C-7 (1987).
E. Merian, ed.,Metals and Their Compounds in the Environment, VCH, Weinheim, p. 1438 (1991).
H. J. M. Bowen, inNuclear Analytical Techniques in Medicine, vol.8, R. Cesara, ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 1–17 (1988).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Majewska, U., Braziewicz, J., BanaŚ, D. et al. An elemental correlation study in cancerous breast tissue by total reflection x-ray fluorescence. Biol Trace Elem Res 60, 91–100 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02783312
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02783312