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Efficiency of four heteroptera as predators ofAphis gossypii andMacrosiphum euphorbiae (Hom.: Aphididae)

Efficacité de quatre Hétéroptères comme prédateurs d’Aphis gossypii etMacrosiphum euphorbiae (Hom. : Aphididae)

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Abstract

Predation rate and nymphal development time were determined for four predatory bugs (Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner andMacrolophus caliginosus Wagner [Het.:Miridae],Orius laevigatus (Fieber) andO. majusculus (Reuter) [Het.:Anthocoridae], on cucumber withAphis gossypii Glover (Hom.:APhididae) as prey and for both mirids also on tomato withMacrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) as prey. All four predator species were able to achieve adulthood feeding on both aphids. The developmental period ofD. tamaninii nymphs was the longest and the shortest was forO. majusculus. During nymphal developmentD. tamaninii consumed greater numbers of both aphids thanM. caliginosus, whileOrius’ consumption ofA. gossypii was intermediate. Average daily predation was higher forD. tamaninii than forM. caliginosus, but was not different from bothOrius species. FemaleD. tamaninii exhibited a typical type-II functional response when preying on varying densities ofA. gossypii nymphs.

Résumé

Le taux de prédation et la durée du développement larvaire ont été déterminés pour quatre punaises prédatrices (Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner etMacrolophus caliginosus Wagner [Het. : Miridae],Orius laevigatus (Fieber) etO. majusculus (Reuter) [Het. : Anthocoridae], sur concombre avecAphis gossypii Glover (Hom. : Aphididae) comme proie. Des expériences ont été également faites pour les 2 Mirides sur tomate avecMacrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) comme proie. Les quatre espèces prédatrices ont été capables d’arriver au stade adulte en se nourrissant sur les 2 pucerons. La plus longue durée de développement larvaire est celle deD. tamaninii et la plus courte celle d’O. majusculus. Pendant la durée du développemnt larvaire,D. tamaninii a consommé un plus grand nombre de pucerons des 2 espèces queM. caliginosus, alors que la consommation d’A. gossypii parOrius était intermédiaire. En moyenne, la prédation journalière était plus élevée pourD. tamaninii que pourM. caliginosus, mais elle n’était pas différente de celle des deux espèces d’Orius. Les femelles deD. tamaninii montrent une réponse fonctionnelle de type II typique lorsque cette espèce se nourrit de larves d’A. gossypii à des densités variables.

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  1. IRTA, Unitat d’Entomologia Aplicada, 08348, Cabrils (Barcelona), Spain

    P. Alvarado, O. Baltà & O. Alomar

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  1. P. Alvarado
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  2. O. Baltà
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  3. O. Alomar
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Alvarado, P., Baltà, O. & Alomar, O. Efficiency of four heteroptera as predators ofAphis gossypii andMacrosiphum euphorbiae (Hom.: Aphididae). BioControl 42, 215–226 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769899

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