Abstract
The basic elements which regulate immunomodulation at the lung level and the constituents of in situ pulmonary host defense mechanisms that recognize, destroy, and remove potentially harmful inhaled antigenic materials are discussed. The relevance of these processes in term of pathogenesis of some lung disorders is briefly exemplified.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Semenzato G, Chilosi M, Ossi E, Trentin L, Pizzolo G, Cipriani A, Agostini C, Zambello R, Marcer G, Gasparotto G (1985) Bronchoalveolar lavage and lung histology. Comparative analysis of inflammatory and immunocompetent cells in patient with sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Am Rev Respir Dis 132:400
Agostini C, Garbisa S, Trentin L, Zambello R, Fastelli G, Onisto M, Cipriani A, Festi G, Casara D, Semenzato G (1989) Pulmonary alveolar macrophages from patients with active sarcoidosis express type IV collagenolytic proteinase. An enzymatic mechanism for influx of mononuclear phagocytes at sites of disease activity. J Clin Invest 84:605
Autran B, Mayaud CM, Raphael M, Plata F, Denis M, Bourguin A, Guillon JM, Debre P, Akoun G (1988) Evidence for a cytotoxic T lymphocyte alveolitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. AIDS 2:179
Bachwich PR, Lynch JP, Larrick J, Spengler M, Kunkel SL (1986) Tumor necrosis factor production by human sarcoid alveolar macrophages. Am J Pathol 125:421
Agostini C, Trentin L, Poletti V, Zambello R, Spiga L, Gritti F, Feruglio C, Semenzato G (June 1989) Alveolar macrophages from patients with HIV infection spontaneously release tumor necrosis factor. V International Conference on AIDS. Montreal, 429 p
Hunninghake GW, Glazier AJ, Monick MM, Dinarello CA (1987) Interleukin-1 is a chemotactic factor for human T-lymphocytes. Am Rev Respir Dis 135:66
Hance AJ, Saltini C, Crystal RG (1988) Does de novo immunoglobulins synthesis occur on the epithelial surface of the human lower respiratory tract? Am Rev Respir Dis 137:17
Young KR, Rankin JA, Naegel GP, Paul ES, Reynolds HY (1985) Bronchoalveolar lavage cells and proteins in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an immunological analysis. Ann Intern Med 103:522
Hunninghake GW, Crystal RG (1981) Mechanisms of hyper-gammaglobulinemia in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Site of increased antibody production and role of T lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 67:86
Semenzato G, Agostini C, Zambello R, Trentin L, Chilosi M, Angi MR, Ossi E, Cipriani A, Pizzolo G (1986) Activated T cells with immunoregulatory functions at different sites of involvement in sarcoidosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 465:56
Agostini C, Zambello R, Trentin L, Feruglio C, Masciarelli M, Siviero F, Poletti V, Spiga L, Gritti F, Semenzato G (submitted) Cytototoxic events taking place in the lung of patients with HIV-1 infection. Evidence for an intrinsic defect of the MHC-inrestricted killing partially restored by the incubation with rIL-2.
Koning F, Stingl G, Yokoyama M, Yamada H, Maloy WL, Tschachler E, Shevach E, Coligan JE (1987) Identification of a T3-associatedγδ T cell receptor in Thyl+ dendritic cell lines. Science 236:834
Goodman T, Lefrancois L (1988) Expression of theγδ T-cell receptor on intestinal CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nature 333:855
Semenzato G, Trentin L (1990) Cellular immune responses in the lung of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Eur Res J (in press)
Saltini C, Spurzmen JR, Lee JJ, Pinkston P, Crystal RG (1986) Spontaneous release of interleukin 2 by lung T-lymphocytes in active sarcoidosis is primarily from Leu3 + DR + subset. J Clin Invest 77:1972
Semenzato G (1986) The immunology of sarcoidosis. Sem Respir Med 8:17
Hercend T, Schmidt RE (1988) Characteristics and uses of natural killer cells. Immunol Today 10:291
Zambello R, Trentin L, Feruglio C, Bulian P, Masciarelli M, Cipriani A, Agostini C, Semenzato G (1990) Human lymphokine (IL-2)-activated killer cells lyse pulmonary alveolar macrophages in vitro. Cancer Res 50:(in press)
Plata F, Autran B, Pedroza-Martins L, Wain-Hobson S, Raphael M, Mayaud C, Denis M, Guillon JM, Debre P (1987) AIDS virus specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in lung disorders. Nature 328:348
Agostini C, Poletti V, Zambello R, Trentin L, Siviero F, Spiga L, Gritti F, Semenzato G (1988) Phenotypical and functional analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes in patients with HIV infection. Am Rev Respir Dis 138:1609
Hoffenbach A, Landglade-Demoyen P, Dadaglio C, Vilmer E, Michel F, Mayaud C, Autran B, Plata F (1989) Unusually high frequencies of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in humans. J Immunol 142:452
Semenzato G, Trentin L, Zambello R, Agostini C, Cipriani A, Marcer G (1988) Different types of cytotoxic lymphocytes recovered from the lungs of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Am Rev Respir Dis 137:70
Baggiolini M, Walz A, Kunkel SL (1989) NAP-1/IL-8, a novel cytokine that activates neutrophils. J Clin Invest 84:1045
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Agostini, C., Semenzato, G. Immune responses in the lung: Basic principles. Lung 168 (Suppl 1), 1001–1012 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02718238
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02718238