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Deeper concessions and rising barriers to entry: New regionalism for Turkey and Mexico

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“A recent survey found that while 77 percent of Turkish men wore moustaches in 1993, only 62.3 percent wear them today, and only 19 percent wear beards; corporate culture in Turkey discourages moustaches among the urban middle classes, but the trend seems to be spreading to towns and villages” (Wall Street Journal. May 15, 1997).

Abstract

New regionalism is redefining core and semi-periphery relations in the world economy. Focusing on Turkey and Mexico and their respective regional agreements, NAFTA and the Customs Union with the European Union, this article claims that barriers to entry into regional blocs increased considerably during the 1990s. While systemic international relations theories explain why both Mexico and Turkey made significant concessions in order to enter into regional agreements, they cannot fully account for the timing and terms of bargaining during regional negotiations. A simultaneous look at both the domestic and international bargaining processes shows that it was the domestic pressures in the United States and the European Union (and the relative absence of such pressures in Mexico and Turkey) that enhanced the terms of bargaining of the existing members against these aspiring countries. A synthetic approach that combines international pressures with domestic dynamics explains why new regionalism in the global economy is becoming a new challenge for such countries.

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  1. Mine Eder
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Additional information

“A disproportionate number of plastic surgeons in Mexico City report that their most requested procedure is to alter ‘Indian noses’” (Sernau, 1994: 116).

Mine Eder is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boõazici University in Istanbul. She received her PhD at University of Virginia in 1993. She is the co-author ofPolitical Economy of Regional Cooperation in the Middle East (Routledge, 1998) and has published on regional development, political economy of newly industrializing countries, and Turkey-EU relations. She is currently working on a comparison of agricultural reform programs in Mexico and Turkey.

The author would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers ofSCID for their valuable suggestions and input. All errors are, of course, my own.

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Eder, M. Deeper concessions and rising barriers to entry: New regionalism for Turkey and Mexico. St Comp Int Dev 36, 29–57 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686203

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