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Inclusion behavior and heat-transfer phenomena in steelmaking tundish operations: Part I. Aqueous modeling

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Abstract

An in-house computer code, METFLO 3D, which can model three-dimensional (3-D) turbulent flow, heat transfer, and inclusion flotation, has been developed for steelmaking tundishes. Also, sensor equipment has been developed for the continuous detection of particles suspended in aqueous systems. The probe, based on the resistive pulse principle, withdraws a continuous sample of the feed water to be monitored. A full-scale (isothermal) water model tundish (Stelco Research Centre, Burlington, Canada) was used to test experimental data on particle separation within the tundish. These experimental data were compared with predictions calculated by the mathematical model developed for tundish flows, and satisfactory agreement was achieved.

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Abbreviations

C :

mass fraction of inclusions ch channel number on multichannel amplifier

d :

inclusion/particle diameter

G :

generation of turbulence kinetic energy

g :

gravity acceleration constant

k :

turbulent kinetic energy

k(T) :

a resistance constant

L c :

distance between inlet and outlet nozzles

N in :

number density of inclusions at the inlet nozzle

N out :

number density of particles at the outlet nozzle

P :

pressure

Q :

volumetric flow rate of fluid

R :

residual ratio of inclusion particles

R nozzle :

radius of inlet nozzle

T :

temperature

t :

time

u s :

Stokes rising velocity of particles/inclusions

ε:

dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy

Θ e :

effective diffusivity

μ :

laminar viscosity

μeff :

effective turbulent viscosity

μ t :

turbulent viscosity

ρ :

density of fluid (water/molten steel)

Δρ:

density difference between fluid and particle

σ C :

laminar Schmidt number

σ T :

laminar Prandtl number

σ t, C :

turbulent Schmidt number

σ t, T :

turbulent Prandtl number

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea

    S. Joo (Senior Researcher)

  2. McGill Metals Processing Centre, McGill University, H3A 2A7, Montreal, PQ, Canada

    R. I. L. Guthrie (Director)

Authors
  1. S. Joo
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  2. R. I. L. Guthrie
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Additional information

Formerly Doctoral Candidate, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, McGill Metals Processing Centre, McGill University.

Macdonald Professor of Metallurgy

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Joo, S., Guthrie, R.I.L. Inclusion behavior and heat-transfer phenomena in steelmaking tundish operations: Part I. Aqueous modeling. Metall Trans B 24, 755–765 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663136

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