Abstract
The length changes caused by oxidation in air of Ti-6A1-4V were investigated at temperatures between 800° and 1040°C. In 3.1 mm-thick specimens a 60 min exposure at 950°C results in a net expansion of 0.7 pct. If oxidation and the corresponding expansion are restricted to one surface of a sheet metal specimen a bimetallic strip effect is obtained and the specimens deform into the shape of an arc. Several mechanisms can contribute to deformation during oxidation. The increase of the “c” lattice parameter with increasing oxygen content accounts for most of the observed volume expansion. Because oxygen stabilizesα, the surface layers contain a higher than equilibriumα concentration. Higher thermal expansion of α and its larger volume per unit cell cause additional deformation. These mechanisms apparently can introduce surface stresses up to several kg per sq mm which result in extensive creep deformation.
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Kellerer, H., Wingert, L. Deformation of titanium by surface oxidation. Metall Trans 2, 113–115 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02662644
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02662644