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Fracture toughness behavior of ex-service 2-1/4Cr-1Mo steels from a 22-year-old fossil power plant

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Abstract

Elevated-temperature fracture toughness properties were developed on ex-service 2-l/4Cr-1Mo steel weldments. Fracture toughness was measured on both base and heat-affected zone (HAZ) metals. A composite specimen consisting of base, HAZ, and weld metals was used to develop fracture toughness properties in the HAZ area. It was observed that the J-R curve of the HAZ was significantly lower than that of the base metal. Increasing crack extension increased the difference between theJ-R curves of the base metal and the HAZ. Dimpled fracture was the prime fracture mode in the base metal specimen, and a mixed-mode (ductile and “granular”) fracture was found in the HAZ specimens. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) examination revealed significant intergranular carbide precipitation and agglomeration within the HAZ. The lower fracture toughness of the HAZ, as compared to the base metal, was attributed to the large accumulation of carbides in the grain boundaries of the HAZ, which weakened the grain boundaries and caused “granular” fracture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Evaluation, Westinghouse Science and Technology Center, 15235, Pittsburgh, PA

    P. K. Liaw (Fellow Engineer) & M. G. Burke (Senior Engineer)

  2. School of Materials Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 30332, Atlanta, GA

    A. Saxena (Professor)

  3. Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The University of Tennessee, 37996-2030, Knoxville, TN

    J. D. Landes (Professor)

Authors
  1. P. K. Liaw
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  2. M. G. Burke
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  3. A. Saxena
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  4. J. D. Landes
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Liaw, P.K., Burke, M.G., Saxena, A. et al. Fracture toughness behavior of ex-service 2-1/4Cr-1Mo steels from a 22-year-old fossil power plant. Metall Trans A 22, 455–468 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02656813

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02656813

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