Skip to main content
Log in

Phase transformations in condensed systems revisited: Industrial applications

  • 1996 Institute of Metals and Mehl Award Lecture
  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Institute of Metals Lecture was established in 1921, at which time the Institute of Metals Division was the only professional division within the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. It has been given annually since 1922 by distinguished people from this country and abroad. Beginning in 1973 and thereafter, the person selected to deliver the lecture will be known as the “Institute of Metals Division Lecturer and R.F. Mehl Medalist” for that year.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Wilm:Metallurgie, 1911, vol. 8, p. 225.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. P.D. Merica, R.G. Waltenberg, and H. Scott:Sci. Pap. U.S. Bur. Stds., 1919, p. 347.

  3. R.F. Mehl:Precipitation from Solid Solutions, A. Doughton, Coordinator, ASM, Cleveland, OH, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  4. R.F. Mehl:Trans. AIME, 1936, vol. 122, pp. 11–56.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. Smegelskas and E. Kirkendall:Trans. AIME, 1947, vol. 171, pp. 130–42.

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. Tammann:The States of Aggregation, translated by D.F. Van Nostrand Co., New York, NY, 1925.

  7. R.F. Mehl and L.K. Jetter:ASM Symp. Age Hardening of Metals, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1940, p. 342.

    Google Scholar 

  8. N.F. Mott and F.R.N. Nabarro:Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1940, vol. 52, pp. 85–9.

    Google Scholar 

  9. A. Guinier:Compt. Rend., 1938, vol. 206, p. 1641; Nature, 1938, vol. 142, pp. 569-70.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. G.D. Preston:Proc. R. Soc., 1938, vol. A167, p. 534; Nature, 1938, vol. 142, p. 526-38.

    Google Scholar 

  11. V. Gerold:Z. Metallkd, 1954, vol. 45, pp. 595 and 599.

    Google Scholar 

  12. S.D. Stookey:Method of Making Ceramics and Product Thereof, U.S. Patent 2,920,971. Jan. 12, 1960.

  13. R.F. Mehl:Rev. Metall., 1964, Feb.

  14. F.W. Gayle and M. Goodway:Science, 1994, vol. 266, p. 1015.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M.J. Pfeiffer and P.W. Voorhees:Metall. Trans. A, 1991, vol. 22A, pp. 1921–35.

    Google Scholar 

  16. A.J. Ardell and A. Maheshwari:Acta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 1825–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. W.O. Gentry and M.E. Fine:Acta Metall., 1972, vol. 20, pp. 181–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J.G. Byrne, M.E. Fine, and A. Kelly:Phil. Mag., 1961, Ser. 8, vol. 6, pp. 1119–45.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Raj:TMS Technical Program, Fall Meeting, Cleveland, OH, Oct. 29–Nov. 2, 1995, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1996, p. 51.

  20. J.S. Santner: Ph.D. Thesis, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1975.

  21. M.E. Fine and S.P. Bhat:Proc. 4th Rise Int. Symp. on Metallurgy and Materials Science, Roskilde, Denmark, 1983, pp. 251–6.

    Google Scholar 

  22. P.N. Thielen, R.A. Fournelle, and M.E. Fine:Acta Metall., 1976, vol. 24, pp. 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. R.A. Fournelle, E.A. Grey, and M.E. Fine:Metall. Trans. A, 1976, vol. 7A, pp. 669–82.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. S. Ikeda, T. Sakai, and M.E. Fine:J. Mater. Sci., 1977, vol. 12, pp. 675–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. A.R.C. Westwood:Metall. Trans. A, 1988, vol. 19A, pp. 749–58.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. J.M. Brupbacher, L. Christodoulou, and D.C. Nagle:Process for Forming Metal Ceramic Composites, U.S. Patent No. 4,710,348, 1987.

  27. N.C. Beck Tan, R.M. Aiken, Jr., and R.M. Briber:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 2461–68.

    Google Scholar 

  28. R. Mitra, W.A. Chiou, M.E. Fine, and J.R. Weertman:J. Mater. Res., 1993, vol. 8, pp. 2380–92.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S.K. Lahiri, D. Chandra, L.H. Schwartz, and M.E. Fine:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1969, vol. 245, pp. 1865–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. R.W. Thompson:Effect of Ti Additions on Hi-Steel and Tri-Steel, Research Report, Inland Steel Co., East Chicago, IN, Nov. 1969.

  31. A.P. Coldren and T.B. Cox: Technical Report No. DTNSRDCN00167-85-C-006, David Taylor Research Laboratory, Annapolis, MD, 1985.

  32. E.J. Czyrcka, R.E. Link, J. Wong, D.A. Aylor, T.W. Montemarano, and J.P. Gudas :Naval Eng. J., 1990, vol. 63.

  33. M.E. Fine, R. Ramanathan, S. Vaynman, and S.P. Bhat:Proc. Int. Symp. on Low Carbon Steels for the 90's, Pittsburgh, PA, Oct. 18– 21, 1993, R. Asfahani and G. Tither, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 511-14.

  34. M.R. Krishnadev, W.L. Zhang, A. Gendron, V. Vaidy, R. Rene, and J.T. Bowker:High Performance Structural Steels, 1995 Conf. Proc, ASM International Materials Week 95, Cleveland, OH, Oct. 30–Nov. 1, 1995, R. Asfahani, ed., ASM INTERNATIONAL, Materials Park, OH, 1996.

  35. S. Vaynman and M.E. Fine: Unfunded Proposal to American Welding Society, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.

  36. A.G. Khachaturyan, S.M. Shapiro, and S. Semenovskaya:Phys. Rev. B, 1991, vol. 43, pp. 10832–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. B.D. Butler and J.B. Cohen.Metall. Trans. A, 1992, vol. 23A, pp. 1617–26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. B.D. Butler and J.B. Cohen:Acta Metall. Mater., 1993, vol. 41, pp. 41–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J.B. Cohen:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 2565–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. J.B. Cohen:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1992, vol. 23A, pp. 2685–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. P. Fratzi, Y. Yoshida, G. Vogland, and H.G. Haubold:Phys. Rev. B, 1992, vol. 46, pp. 11323–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. M.K. Chen and P.W. Voorhees:Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1993, vol. 1, pp. 591–612.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. C. Wagner:Z. Electrochem., 1961, vol. 65, pp. 581–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. M.E. Glicksman, R.N. Smith, C. Paradies, and P. Rao:TMS Fall Meeting Conference Program Booklet, Cleveland, OH, Oct. 31, 1995, p. 50.

  45. M.C. Flemings:Solidification Processing, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1974, p. 295.

    Google Scholar 

  46. James G. Conley: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1995, private communication.

  47. B.J. Mahoney and R.I. Stephens:Fatigue and Fracture Toughness of A356-T6 Cast Aluminum Alloy/SAE SP-760, R.I. Stephens, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1988, p. 71.

    Google Scholar 

  48. G. Salas, B.J. Ramirez V.M.E. Noguez A, and T. Robert:Scripta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 32, pp. 295–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. U. Feuer and R. Wunderlein:DGM, Fachber, 1977, p. 38.

  50. D.H. Kirkwood:Mater. Sci. Eng., 1985, vol. L1, p. 73.

    Google Scholar 

  51. D.D. Double and A. Hellawell:Acta Metal. Mater., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 2435–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. S.-Z. Lu and A. Hellawell:J. Mater., February 1995, p. 38.

  53. S. Tsunekawa and M.E. Fine:Scripta Metall., 1982, vol. 16, pp. 391–92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. P.A. Earvolino, M.E. Fine, J.R. Weertman, and V.R. Parameswaran:Scripta Metall., 1992, vol. 26, pp. 945–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. S. Zhang, J.P. Nic, and D.E. Mikkola:Scripta Metall., 1990, vol. 24, pp. 57–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. K.S. Kumar and J.R. Pickens:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, pp. 1015–18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. J.P. Nic, S. Zhang, and D.E. Mikkola:Scripta Metall., 1990, vol. 24, pp. 1099–1104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. R. Raj:TMS Fall Meeting Conference Program Booklet, Cleveland, OH, Oct. 31, 1995, p. 51.

  59. James G. Conley: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1995, private communication.

  60. T. Creasy, J.R. Weertman, and M.E. Fine:Dispersion Strengthened Aluminum Alloys, Y.W. Kim and W.M. Griffith, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1988, pp. 539–49.

    Google Scholar 

  61. G.J. Merchant and S.H. Davis:Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 38, pp. 2683–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. D.A. Huntley and S.H. Davis:Acta Metall. Mater., 1993, vol. 41, pp. 2025–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. W. Kurz and R. Trivedi:Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 38, pp. 1–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. L. Ratke and S. Diefenbach:Mater. Sci. Eng., 1995, vol. R15, p. 263.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. T. Berenberg, I. Steinbach, M. Rammerskirchen, and R. Mergen:Proc. Winter ASME Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 1991, ASME, Fairfield, NJ, 1991, vol. HTD-75, p. 103.

  66. M.E. Fine:Bell Laboratories Record, 1952, vol. 30, pp. 345–48.

    Google Scholar 

  67. G.S. Huppi: ARMCO Research and Technology, Middletown, OH, 1995, private communication.

  68. Y. Soga, Y. Yushigami, H. Honma, and N. Takahashi:Ultrahigh Silicon, Grain-Oriented Electrical Sheet Steel and Process for Producing the Same, U.S. Patent No. 5,308,411, May 3, 1994.

  69. H. Yashiki and T. Kaneko:Oriented Silicon Steel Sheets and Production Process Therefor, U.S. Patent No. 5,250,123, Oct. 5, 1993.

  70. H. Yashiki, T. Kaneko, and T. Tanaka:Oriented Magnetic Steel Sheets and Manufacturing Process Therefor, U.S. Patent No. 5,425,820, June 20, 1995.

  71. J.K. Stanley:Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Metals, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1963, p. 52.

    Google Scholar 

  72. C. Kittel:Introduction to Solid State Physics, 2nd ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, 1956, pp. 335 and 336.

    Google Scholar 

  73. D.W. Dietrich:Metals Handbook/ASM International, 10th ed., ASM INTERNATIONAL, Materials Park, OH, 1990, vol. 2, p. 761.

    Google Scholar 

  74. J.K.L. Lai and S. Yuanzxi:Scripta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 33, pp. 421–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. W.C. Ellis and E.S. Greiner:Trans. ASM, 1941, vol. 29, p. 415.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. J.H. White and C.V. Wahl: U.S. Patent No. 1,862,559, applied for Aug. 14, 1931.

  77. J. Miyake, G. Ghosh, and M.E. Fine:Bulletin Materials Research Society, vol. 21, no. 6, 1996, pp. 13–18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Y.A. Chang, J.P. Neumann, A. Mikula, and D. Goldberg: Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Copper Metal Systems, International Copper Research Association, 1979, pp. 475 and 483.

  79. Y. Sakai, K. Inoue, and H. Maeda:Acta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 1517–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Metals Handbook, 10th ed., ASM INTERNATIONAL, Materials Park, OH, 1990, vol. 2, p. 283.

  81. H.L. Marcus, Z. Eliezer, and M.E. Fine:A Method of Making Copper-Titanium Nitride Alloy, U.S. Patent No. 5,338,374, Aug. 16, 1994.

  82. S. Hanai, N. Takemoto, Y. Tokunaga, and Y. Mizuyama:Trans Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 1984, vol. 24, p. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  83. G.T. Hahn:Acta Metall., 1962, vol. 10, pp. 727–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. G.E. Dieter:Mechanical Metallurgy, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1976, pp. 204–10.

    Google Scholar 

  85. A. Okamoto, Y. Hiyashi, M. Takashi, and S. Sugisawa: SAE Technical Paper No. 820018, 1982.

  86. L.S. Darken and R.W. Gurry:Physical Chemistry of Metals, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1953, p. 463. (Note: R.F. Mehl was consulting editor of McGraw-Hill's series on Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineering.)

    Google Scholar 

  87. R.P. Foley, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss:Survey of Ongoing Approaches to Development of High Strength Steels, Report to International Lead Zinc Research Organization Inc., Nov. 15, 1995.

  88. B. Hutchinson:Mater. Sci. Forum, 1994, vols. 157-162, p. 1917.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. T. Fujitaet al:Int. Congr. and Exp., Feb. 27–Mar. 2, 1995, p. 41.

  90. H.H. Herman:Metall. Trans., 1971, vol. 2, pp. 13–22.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. I.J. Polmear:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1964, vol. 230, p. 1331.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. S.P. Ringer, B.C. Muddle, and I.J. Polmear:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1995, vol. 26A, pp. 1659–71.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. H.H. Herman and M.E. Fine:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1964, vol. 224, pp. 503–05.

    Google Scholar 

  94. H. Mavoori, S. Vaynman, J. Chin, B. Moran, L. Keer, and M. Fine:Mater. Res. Soc. Symp., 1995, vol. 390, pp. 161–75.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. H.L. Davidson, N.J. Colella, J.A. Kerns, and D. Makowiecki:Proc. 45th IEEE Electronics Components and Technology Conf, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 1995, p. 538.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  96. E. Anders, R.S. Lewis, T. Ming, and E. Zinner:Interstellar Dust, L.J. Allamandola and A.G.G.M. Tielens, eds., IAU, 1989, p. 389.

  97. C.V. Cooper and M.E. Fine:Scripta Metall., 1984, vol. 18, pp. 593–96.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. M.E. Fine and D.L. Davidson: ASTM STP 811, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1983, p. 350.

  99. Y.-H. Pao, S. Badgeley, E. Jih, and R. Govila:Trans. ASME J. Electronic Packaging, 1993, vol. 115, p. 147.

    Google Scholar 

  100. S. Vaynman, H. Mavoori, and M.E. Fine:Advances in Electronic Packaging 1995/Proc. INTERpack '95 T.R. Hsu, A. Barcohen, and W. Nakayama, eds., ASME, New York, NY, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 657–62.

    Google Scholar 

  101. S. Vaynman, D.A. Jeannotte, and M.E. Fine:Metall. Trans. A, 1988, vol. 19A, pp. 1051–59.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. E.C. Cutiongco, S. Vaynman, D.A. Jeannotte, and M.E. Fine:Trans. ASME, J. Electronic Packaging, 1990, vol. 112, pp. 110–14.

    Google Scholar 

  103. A. Zubelewicz:J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 1993, vol. 41, pp. 1711–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. A. Manthiram, A. Dananjay, and C. Tsang:Ceramic Transactions: Role of Ceramics in Electrochemical Devices, P.M. Kumtaet al., eds., American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, in press.

  105. Y. Nishi, H. Azuma, and A. Omara:Non-Aqueous Electrolytic Cell, U.S. Patent No. 4,959,281, Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Sept. 25, 1990.

  106. For example, J.B. Goodenough, A. Manthiram, and B. Wnetrzewski:J. Power Sources, 1993, vols. 43-44, p. 269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. R. Dagani :Chem. Eng. News, Jan. 4, 1993, pp. 34–35.

  108. S. Megahed and B. Scrrosati:The Electrochemical Society Interface, 1995, Winter, p. 34.

    Google Scholar 

  109. J.V. Tompkins, R. Laabi, B.R. Birmingham, and H.L. Marcus:Solid Free Form Fabrication Proceedings, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, H.L. Marcus, J.J. Beeman, J.W. Barlow, D.L. Bourell, and B.H. Crawford, eds., Sept. 1994, pp. 412-21.

  110. G. Zong, Y. Jaquot, W.R. Thissell, and H.L. Marcus:Plasma and Laser Processing of Materials, K. Upadhya, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1991, p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  111. W.R. Thissell and H.L. Marcus:Solid Free-Form Fabrication Proceedings, H.L. Marcus, J.J. Beeman, J.W. Barlow, D.L. Bourell, and B.H. Crawford, eds., 1994, pp. 311-20.

  112. D. Bunnell, D. Bourell, and H. Marcus:Proc. Solid Free Form Fabrication Symp., University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, Aug. 8–10, 1994, H.L. Marcus, J.J. Beeman, J.W. Barlow, D.L. Bourell, and B.H. Crawford, eds., pp. 379-86.

  113. S.-K. Joo, S.-W. Lee, and T.-H. Ihn:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 1575–78.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. V. Laurent: Ph.D. Thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France, 1988 (see Ref. 4).

  115. L. Espié, B. Drevet, and N. Eustathopoulos:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 599–605.

    Google Scholar 

  116. N. Eustathopoulos and A. Mortenson:Fundamentals of Metal Matrix Composites, S. Suresh, A. Mortensen, and A. Needleman, eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Stoneham, MA, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  117. S. Vaynman, M. Loomans, and M.E. Fine: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, unpublished research.

  118. I. Prigogine:Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  119. T. de Donder:L'Affinite, Paris, 1936.

  120. K.-N. Tu: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 1995, private communication.

  121. N. Eusathopoulos and L. Coudrier:J Adhesion Sci. Technol, 1992, vol. 6, pp. 1011–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. U. Gangopadhyay and P. Wynblatt:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 607–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. M.C. Flemings:Solidification Processing, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1974, pp. 221–22.

    Google Scholar 

  124. P.R. Bridenbough:Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1995, vol. 26A, pp. 1021–24.

    Google Scholar 

  125. P.R. Bridenbough: Harvard Business School Conference, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, Feb. 10, 1993.

  126. Report of Jan. 12, 1995, Workshop, Advanced Materials Processing Program of the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fine, M.E. Phase transformations in condensed systems revisited: Industrial applications. Metall Mater Trans A 27, 2397–2418 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02652334

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02652334

Keywords

Navigation