Abstract
Using the well-established thermodynamic description of the Fe-Cr-Ni system, we have computed the austenite-ferrite equilibrium in Fe-Cr-Ni-X quaternary systems, where X is a ferrite-stabilizing element. The results are considered reliable, especially for small additions of X. From the computed equilibria, the Cr equivalents of a number of ferrite stabilizers, Al, Mo, Nb, Si, Ti, V, and W, have been derived. They show satisfactory agreement with the known experimental range. The distinguishing feature of the thermodynamic calculations is that the Cr equivalents are established as a function of annealing temperature as well as Ni content, in contrast to the fixed values reported in the empirical diagrams obtained under variable experimental conditions.
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Raghavan, V., Antia, D.P. The chromium equivalents of selected elements in austenitic stainless steels. Metall Mater Trans A 25, 2675–2681 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649220
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649220