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Numerical simulation of gas and particle flow in a high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) torch

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Abstract

A transient two-dimensional numerical simulation of Inconel spraying in a high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) torch barrel was performed. The gas flow is treated as a continuum multicomponent chemically reacting flow, whereas particles are modeled using a stochastic particle spray model, fully coupled to the gas flow. The calculated results agree well with experimental data and show important statistical aspects of particle flow in the torch.

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Abbreviations

A p :

Particle surface ares (m2 )

A‖:

Projected surface area (m2 )

C d :

Drag coefficient

c :

Total molar concentration (mole m-3)

C vs :

Solid specific heat (J/kg/K)

C Vl :

Liquid specific heat (J/kg/K)

D p :

Particle diameter (m)

E p :

Particle internal energy (J)

e :

Total thermal internal energy per unit mass (J/kg)

e m :

Specific energy of solid atT m (J/kg)

e p :

Specific energy of particle (J/kg)

Fp :

Drag force (kg ⋅ m/s2)

Δ fHo i :

Heat of formation of speciesi at absolute zero (J/kg)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (J/m2 /K/s)

h i :

Specific enthalpy of speciesi (J/kg)

I :

Unit dyadic

i :

Unit vector inx direction

j :

Unit vector iny direction

K :

Thermal conductivity (J/m/K/s)

k :

Turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass (m2/s2)

L :

Latent heat of fusion (J/kg)

M i :

Molecular weight

M :

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

m p]:

Particle mass (kg)

P :

Momentum (kgm/s)

P‖:

Component of P parallel to wall (kg.m/s)

Prt :

Turbulent Prandtl number

p :

Pressure (N/m2)

q :

Heat flux (J/m2/s)

Re :

Reynolds number

Sct :

Turbulent Schmidt number

T :

Temperature (K)

T m :

Melting temperature (K)

T p :

Particle temperature (K)

t :

Time (s)

t :

Unit vector parallel to wall

U :

Component of u parallel to wall (m/s)

u :

x component of u (m/s)

u :

Fluid velocity (m/s)

U p :

Particle velocity (m/s)

V :

Inflow velocity (m/s)

V cell :

Volume of computational cell (m )

v :

y component of u (m/s)

x :

Radial coordinate (m)

x i :

Mole fraction of speciesi

x p :

Particle position (m)

y :

Axial coordinate (m)

α:

Fluid volume fraction

ε:

Dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy (m2/s3)

εp :

Surface emissivity of particle

η:

Efficiency

λ :

Second viscosity coefficient (kg/m/s)

μ:

Viscosity (kg/m/s)

v:

Kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

p:

Total mass density (kg/m3 )

pi:

Partial mass density of speciesi (kg/m3)

σ:

Stefan-Boltzmann constant (J/m2 /K4/s)

τ :

Shear stress (kg/m/s2)

ϕ:

Viscous dissipation (kg/m/s3)

χ:

Particle degree of melting

D:

Derriere (back) cell face

F:

Front cell face

f:

Gas around particle

L:

Left cell face

p:

Particle

R:

Right cell face

t:

Turbulence

w:

Wall

T:

Transpose

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Idaho National Engineering Laboratary, 83415, Idaho, ID, USA

    C. H. Chang & R. L. Moore

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  1. C. H. Chang
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Chang, C.H., Moore, R.L. Numerical simulation of gas and particle flow in a high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) torch. JTST 4, 358–366 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02648636

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