Skip to main content
Log in

Ester reactions of fatty materials

  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Eckey, E. W., “Vegetable Fats and Oils,” pp. 134–149, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Markley, K. S., “Fatty Acids,” pp. 254–313, Interscience Publishers Inc., New York (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Norris, F. A., Oil and Soap,17, 257 (1940).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Wright, H. J., Segur, J. B., Clark, H. V., Coburn, S. K., Langdon, E. E., and DuPuis, R. N., Oil and Soap,20, 145 (1944).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Van Loon, C., Chem. Weekblad.,47, 494 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Alexander, E. R., “Ionic Organic Reactions,” p. 224, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Remick, A. E., “Electronic Interpretation of Organic Chemistry,” 2nd ed., pp. 408–419, John Wiley and Sons, New York, (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Smith, H. A., and Reichardt, C. H., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,63, 605 (1941).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hinshelwood, C. N., and Legard, A. R., J. Chem. Soc.,1935, 587.

  10. Fairclough, R. A., and Hinshelwood, C. N., J. Chem. Soc.,1939, 593.

  11. Thomas, E. R., and Sudborough, J. J., J. Chem. Soc.,101, 317 (1912).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Youngs, C. G., and Craig, B. M., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,28, 521 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Longenecker, H. E., Oil and Soap,17, 53 (1940).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hilditch, T. P., “The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats,” 2nd ed., pp. 474–512, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Wyman, F. W., and Barkenbus, C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed.,12, 658 (1940).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Norris, F. A., and Terry, D. E., Oil and Soap,22, 41 (1945).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. McNicoll, D., J. Soc. Chem. Ind.,40, 124T (1921).

  18. Anderson, R. H., and Wheeler, D. H., Oil and Soap,22, 137 (1945).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Official Method Da. 12–48.

  20. Gloyer, S. W., Ind. Eng. Chem.,40, 228 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Butts, D. C., U. S. Pat. 1,979,671 (1934).

  22. Karser, H. E., U. S. Pat. 2,074,963 (1937).

  23. Johnston, A. C., U. S. Pat. 1,840,395 (1932).

  24. Levesgue, C. L., and Craig, A. M., Ind. Eng. Chem.,40, 96 (1948).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Musselman, J. M., U. S. Pat. 2,399,243 (1946).

  26. Morway, A. J., and Zimmer, J. C., U. S. Pat. 2,217,764 (1940).

  27. Reppe, W., Ger. Pat. 588,352 (1933); U. S. Pat. 2,066,075 (1936).

  28. Powers, P. O., Ind. Eng. Chem.,38, 837 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Swern, Daniel, and Jordan, E. F., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,70, 2334 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Jordan, E. F., and Swern, Daniel, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,71, 2377 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Barnitz, E. S., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,26, 104 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Port, W. S., Hansen, J. E., Jordan, E. F., Dietz, T. J., and Swern, Daniel, J. Polymer Sci.,7, 207 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Port, W. S., Jordan, E. F., Hansen, J. E., and Swern, Daniel, J. Polymer Sci.,9, 493 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Teeter, H. M., and Cowan, J. C., Oil and Soap,22, 177 (1945).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Van Schaack, R. H., U. S. Pat 1,820,623 (1931); U. S. Pat. 1,697,295 (1929).

  36. Earhart, K. A., and Rubin, B. U., U. S. Pat. 2,308,498 (1943).

  37. Scheij, L. T. C., Rec. trav. chim.,18, 169 (1879).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Gaerner, T. L., J. Soc. Chem. Ind.,47, 278T (1928).

  39. Bellucci, I., Gazz. chim. ital.,42, II, 283 (1912).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Long, J. S., Kittelberger, W. S., Scott, L. K., and Egge, W. S., Ind. Eng. Chem.,21, 950 (1929).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Konen, J. C., Clocker, E. T., and Cox, R. P., Oil and Soap,22, 57 (1945).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Burrell, H., Oil and Soap,20, 206 (1944).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Official Method Ea 4–38.

  44. Mehlenbacher, V. C., Determination of Hydroxyl Groups, “Organic Analysis,” vol. I, 1–65, Interscience Publishers Inc., New York (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Feuge, R. O., Vicknair, E. J., and Lovegran, N. V., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,29, 11 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Baur, F. J., J. Am. Oil Chemists, Soc.,31, 196 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Baur, F. J., U. S. Pat. 2,615,160 (1952).

  48. Berthelot, M., Compt. rend.,36, 27 (1853);38, 668 (1854); Ann. chim. phys.,41, 216 (1854).

    Google Scholar 

  49. Feuge, R. O., Kraemer, E. A., and Bailey, A. E., Oil and Soap,22, 202 (1945).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Bhattacharya, R., and Hilditch, T. P., Proc. Royal Soc. (London),A129, 472 (1930).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Eckey, E. W., Ind. Eng. Chem.,40, 1183 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Norris, F. A., and Mattil, K. F., Oil and Soap23, 289 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Kawai, S., J. Soc. Chem. Ind. Japan,44, Suppl. Bind., 244 (1941); C. A.44, 8137 (1950).

  54. Feuge, R. O., and Bailey, A. E., Oil and Soap,23, 259 (1946).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hilditch, T. P., and Rigg, J. G., J. Chem. Soc.,1935, 1774.

  56. Petit, J., Am. Paint Journal,33, 82 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Savary, P., Oleagineaux,4, 155 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Eckey, E. W., and Richardson, A. S., U. S. Pat. 2,251,693 (1941).

  59. Mattil, K. F., and Sims, R. J., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,29, 59 (1952).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Goldsmith, H. A., Chem. Rev.,33, 257–349 (1943).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Scholler, C., and Witwer, M., Ger. Pat. 694,178 (1940).

  62. Burrell, H., Ind. Eng. Chem.,37, 86 (1945).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Brandner, J. D., Hunter, R. H., Brewstor, M. D., and Bonner, R. E., Ind. Eng. Chem.,37, 809 (1945).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Rheineck, A. E., and Brice, R. M., “Pinitol and Quebrachitol Esters of Linseed Fatty Acids,” presented at 27th Fall Meeting of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, Nov. (1953).

  65. Gibbons, J. P., and Janke, R. A., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,28, 456 (1951).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Wittcoff, H., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,26, 157 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Carson, J. F., and Maclay, W. D., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,66, 1609 (1944).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Teeter, H. M., Bell, E. W., and Cowan, J. C., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,28, 299 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Bolley, D. S., Ind. Eng. Chem.,41, 287 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Rheineck, A. E., Rabin, B., and Long, J. S., U. S. Pat. 2,077,371 (1937).

  71. Rheineck, A. E., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,28, 456 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat. 2,558,518 (1951).

  73. Harrison, S. A., U. S. Pat. 2,622,071 (1952).

  74. Jundson, B. E., U. S. Pat. 2,612,515 (1952).

  75. Rubin, W., J. Oil and Colour Chem. Assn.,35, No. 386, 418 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Dunlap, L. H., Hassel, L. V., and Maxwell, J., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,27, 361 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Gourley, S., J. Oil and Colour Chem. Assn.,33, No. 358, 175 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Mueller, E. R., Eness, P. L., and McSweeney, E. E., Ind. Eng. Chem.,42, 1532 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Clocker, E. T., U. S. Pats. 2,188,882 to 890 (1940).

  80. Teeter, H. M., Geerts, M. J., and Cowan, J. C., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,25, 158 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Bickford, W. G., Krauczunas, P., and Wheeler, R. H., Oil and Soap,19, 23 (1942).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Schwarcman, A., U. S. Pats, 2,412,176; 2,412,177, (1946).

  83. Rochleder, F., Ann.59, 260 (1861).

    Google Scholar 

  84. Haller, A., Compt. rend.,143, 657 (1906).

    Google Scholar 

  85. Jones, M., and Lapworth, A., Proc. Chem. Soc., London,36, 141 (1914).

    Google Scholar 

  86. Bellet, E. M., Compt. rend.,193, 1020 (1931);194, 1655 (1932).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Reid, E. E., Am. Chem. J.,45, 506 (1911).

    Google Scholar 

  88. Pardee, A. M., and Reid, E. E., Ind. Eng. Chem.,12, 129 (1920).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Anderson, E., and Pierce, H. B., J. Phys. Chem.,22, 44 (1918).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Feuge, R. O., and Gros, A. T., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,26, 97 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Bradshaw, G. B., and Meuly, W. C., U. S. Pat. 2,360,844 (1944).

  92. Norris, F. A., and Terry, D. E., Oil and Soap,20, 193 (1944).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Schlenk, H., and Holman, R. T., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,30, 103 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Sussman, S., Ind. Eng. Chem.,38, 1228 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Trent, R. T., U. S. Pat. 2,432,181 (1945).

  96. Holmberg, J., Acta Polytech.,45 (1949).

  97. Edeler, A., and Richardson, A. S., Can. Pats. 340,803-05 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  98. Christenson, C. W., U. S. Pat. 2,022,493 (1935).

  99. Eckey, E. W., and Clark, C. C., U S. Pat. 2,065,520 (1936).

  100. Arrowsmith, C. J., and Ross, J., U. S. Pat. 2,383,581 (1945).

  101. Ross, J., Bell, A. C., Arrowsmith, C. J., and Gebhart, H. H., Oil and Soap,23, 257 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Kuhrt, N. H., Welch, E. A., and Kovarik, F. J., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,27, 310 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Kuhrt, N. H., U. S. Pat. 2,634,278 (1953).

  104. Chipault, J., and Lundberg, W. O., Ann. Rep. Hormel Inst.1946–47, 42.

  105. Gros, A. T., and Feuge, R. O., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,26, 704 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Barkenbus, C., Roswell, C. A., and Mitts, A. E., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,62, 1251 (1940).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Schwartz, G. L., U. S. Pat. 1,558,299 (1925).

  108. Norman, W., Ger. Pat. 407,180 (1920).

    Google Scholar 

  109. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat. 2,378,006 (1945).

  110. Kuempfe, G., Farben-Ztg.,40, 1009 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  111. Powers, P. O., Ind. Eng. Chem.,42, 146 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Albert, K., Ger. Pat. 555,812 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  113. Greth, A., and Lemmer, F., U. S. Pat. 2,217,363 (1940).

  114. Scheiber, J., Farbe u. Lack,1929, 393, 404, 418.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Friedel, C., and Crafts, J. R., Ann.,133, 207 (1865).

    Google Scholar 

  116. Van Loon, C., Dutch Pat. 16,703 (1924).

  117. Normann, W., Ger. Pat. 417,215 (1925).

    Google Scholar 

  118. Hilditch, T. P., “The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats,” 2nd ed., p. 15, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  119. Kartha, A. R. S., “Studies on the Natural Fats,” vols. I and II, Ernaculum, India (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  120. Desnuelle, P., and Naudet, M., Bull. Soc. chem.,1946, 90, 595;1947, 323.

  121. Van Loon, C., U. S. Pat. 1,873,513 (1932).

  122. Barker, C., Crawford, R. V., and Hilditch, T. P., J. Chem. Soc.,1951, 1194.

  123. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pats. 2,442,531, 2,442,532, 2,442,533, 2,442,536, 2,442,537 (1948).

  124. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat. 2,558,547 (1951).

  125. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat 2,378,005 (1945).

  126. Royce, H. D., U. S. Pat. 2,015,606 (1935).

  127. Bailey, A. E., Oil and Soap,20, 132 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  128. Gooding, C. M., U. S. Pat. 2,309,949 (1943).

  129. Cowan, J. C., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,27, 492 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Paschke, R. F., and Wheeler, D. H., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,31, 208 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Anderson, L. V., and Porter, J. V., Ind. Eng. Chem.,41, 741 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Bailey, A. E., “Industrial Oil and Fat Products,” 1st ed., pp. 280–284, Interscience Publishers Inc., New York (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  133. Ibid.. p. 682.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Mattil, K. F., and Nelson, D., U. S. Pat. 2,625,483 (1953).

  135. Vanderwal, R. J., and Akkeren, L. A., U. S. Pat. Reissue 23,499 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  136. Hilditch, T. P., Meara, M. L., and Holmberg, J., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,24, 321 (1947).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Abbott, A. D., U. S. Pat. 2,442,538 (1948).

  138. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat. 2,442,535 (1948).

  139. Eckey, E. W., and Formo, M. W., J. Am. Oil Chemists’ Soc.,26, 207 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pat. 2,442,534 (1948).

  141. Baur, F. J., and Lange, W., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,73, 3926 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Eckey, E. W., U. S. Pats. 2,378,005 and 2,378,007 (1945).

  143. Naudet, M., Desnuelle, P., Oleagineaux,7, 335 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Reutenauer, G., and Sisley, J. P., Oleagineaux,3, 305 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Technical Paper No. 130 from the Archer-Daniels-Midland Company.

About this article

Cite this article

Formo, M.W. Ester reactions of fatty materials. J Am Oil Chem Soc 31, 548–559 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638571

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638571

Keywords

Navigation