Summary
Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in broiler birds of 3 to 6 weeks of age was recorded for the first time in the Haldwani area of Nainital district (UP) in India in November, 1994. The overall mortality in 6 poultry farms was 61·62 per cent. The disease was experimentally transmitted by bacteria free infected liver homogenate extract passed through membrane filters of 0·22 and 0·1 μ APD. The aetiological agent was inactivated by heat treatment at 56°C for one hour and 80°C for 10 min. A precipitin band was demonstrated in agar gel immunodiffusion and counter immunoelectrophoresis using infected liver homogenate extract as antigen and homologous antisera raised in the laboratory. The disease was effectively controlled by formalinised and heat inactivated autogenous vaccine prepared from the infected livers of birds which died of natural infection.
Résumé
Le syndrome d’hydropéricardie (SHP) fut observé pour la premiere fois en Novembre 1994 chez des poulets de 3 á 6 semaines dans la région de Haldivani du district de Nainital en Inde. Parmi 6 élevages la mortalité fut de 61.62%. La maladie fut transmise expérimentalement en utilisant des extraits de foie infecté sans bactéries, homogénéisés et filtrés sur des membranes de 0,22 et 0,1 µm. L’agent pathogéne fut inactivés par traitement thermique à 56°C pendant une heure et à 80°C pendant 10 minutes. Une bande de précipité fut observée dans les gels d’agarose d’immunoprécipitation par immunoélectrophorèse utilisant des extraits de foie homogénéises en tant qu’antigène et des antisera homologues produits dans le laboratoire. La maladie fut restrainte de façon effective en utilisant un vaccin autogène, inactivé par la chaleur et traité par la formaline issude foies d’oiseaux infectés qui moururent d’infection naturelle.
Resumen
Se describe por primera vez el síndrome de hidropericardio en pollos broiler de 3 a 6 semanas de edad en el area de Haldwani, en el distrito de Nainital (U. P.), en la India, en noviembre de 1994. La mortalidad global en seis granjas avícolas fue del 61·62%. La enfermedad fue transmitida de forma experimental mediante muestras homogeneizadas de hígado libres de bacterias y filtradas a través de filtros de membrana de 0·22 y 0·1 u APD. El agente etiológico fue inactivado por calor a 56°C durante 1 hora y 80°C durante 10 minutos. Se demonstró una banda de precipitina en inmunodifusión en agar gel y contrainmunoelectroforesis utilizando como antígeno extracto homogeneizado de hígado procedente de animales infectados y antisuero homólogo obrenido en el laboratorio. La enfermedad se controló de forma efectiva utilizando una vacuna autógena inactivada por calor y formol; la vacuna fue obtenida a partir del hígado de aves que murieron de infección natural.
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Kumar, R., Chandra, R., Shukla, S.K. et al. Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in India: A preliminary study on the causative agent and control of the disease by inactivated autogenous vaccine. Trop Anim Health Prod 29, 158–164 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02633014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02633014