Summary
Three human melanoma cell lines were derived from tumor specimens and established in culture. CAL 1 originated from a bone marrow metastasis and CAL 4 and CAL 7 were derived from solid tumor fragments. CAL 1 and CAL 7 were cloned before establishment. Ultrastructural and chromosome analysis were carried out along with the response to nine chemotherapeutic agents at various concentrations. Survival curves after irradiation were also plotted. The uncloned cell line, CAL 4, displayed some differences from the other two cell lines as regards ploidy and response to chemotherapy. Greater spread of chromosome numbers were observed with this cell line, which contained both hypoploid and a hyperploid modal numbers. All three cell lines showed a relatively high extrapolation number after irradiation, suggesting that inherent cellular properties may be partly responsible for the clinical radioresistance of malignant melanomas.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jensen, O. M.; Bolander, A. M. Trends in malignant melanoma of the skin. World Health Statistics 33: 2–26; 1980.
Aubert, C.; Rougé, F.; Galindo, J. R. Tumorigenicity of human malignant melanocytes in nude mice in relation to their differentiation in vitro. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 64: 1029–1040; 1980.
Chen, T. R.; Shaw, M. W. Stable chromsome changes in a human malignant melanoma. Cancer Res. 33: 2042–2047; 1973.
Chen, T. R. Evolution in vitro of stem lines with minimal karyotypic deviations in a human heteroploid cell line. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 61: 277–284; 1978.
Giovanella, B. C.; Stehlin, J. S.; Santamaria, C.; Yim, S. O.; Morgan, A. C.; Williams, L. J.; Leibovitz, A.; Fialkow, P. J.; Mumford, D. M. Human neoplastic and normal cells in tissue culture. I. Cell lines derived from malignant melanomas and normal melanocytes. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 56: 1131–1142; 1976.
Kanzki, T.; Hashimoto, K.; Bath, D. W. Hetero-transplantation of human malignant melanoma cell lines in athymic nude mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 62: 1151–1158; 1979.
Nishihara, T.; Kuriya, Y.; Hayashi, Y.; Ishii, H.; Kimura, M.; Tan, M.; Sasaki, T.; Kasai, M.; Katoh, T.; Matsuya, Y.; Yamane, I. On a new continuous cell line (TM-1) derived from malignant melanoma. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 128: 217–232; 1979.
Oboshi, S.; Sugano, H. In vitro culture of human cancer cells. Tokyo: Asukara Shoten; 1975.
Romsdahl, M. M.; Hsu, T. C. Establishment and biologic properties of human malignant melanoma cell lines grown in vitro. Surg. Forum 18: 78–79; 1967.
Tveit, K. K.; Fodstad, O.; Johannessen, J. V.; Olsnes, S. A human melanoma cell line established from xenograft in athymic mice. Br. J. Cancer 41: 724–733; 1980.
Whitehead, R. H. Tissue culture studies on human melanoma. Pigment cell. Proceedings of the 8th international pigment cell conference. Vol. 1. Basel: S. Karger AG; 1973: 382–389.
Semple, T. U.; Moore, G. E.; Morgan, R. T.; Woods, L. K.; Quinn, L. A. Multiple cell lines from patients with malignant melanoma: morphology, karyology, and biochemical analysis. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 68: 365–380; 1982.
Marx, J. L. Tumors: a mixed bag of cells. Science 215: 275–277; 1982.
Salmon, S. E.; Hamburger, A. W.; Soehnlen, B.; Durie, B. G. M.; Alberts, D. S.; Moon, T. E. Quantitation of differential sensitivity of human tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs. N. Engl. J. Med. 298: 1321–1327; 1978.
Dutrillaux, B.; Lejeune, J. Sur une nouvelle technique d’analyse du caryotype humain. C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris 272: 2638–2642; 1971.
Volm, M.; Kaufman, M.; Hinderer, H.; Goertler, J. Schnellmethode zur sensibilitätstestung malignen tumoren. Klin. Wochenschr. 48: 374–376; 1970.
Alberts, D. S.; Chen, H. S. G.; Salmon, S. E. Tabular summary of pharmacokinetic parameters relevant to in vitro drug assay. Salmon, S. ed. Cloning of human tumor stem cells. New York: A. Liss Inc.; 1980: 351–359.
Weichselbaum, R. R.; Nove, J.; Little, J. B. X-ray sensitivity of human tumor cells in vitro. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6: 437–440; 1980.
Bergh, J.; Nilsson, K.; Zech, L.; Giovanella, B. Etablishment and characterization of a continuous lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line (U-1752). Anticancer Res. 1: 317–322; 1981.
Loo, T. L.; Householder, G. E.; Gerulath, A. H.; Sanders, P. H.; Farquhar, D. Mechanism of action and pharmacology studies with DTIC (NSC-45388). Cancer Treat. Rep. 60: 149–152; 1976.
Tveit, K. M.; Fodstad, O.; Olnes, S.; Pihl, A. In vitro sensitivity of human melanoma xenografts to cytotoxic drugs, correlation with in vivo chemosensitivity. Int. J. Cancer. 26: 717–722; 1980.
Meyskens, F. L.; Moon, T. E.; Dana, B.; Gilmartin, E.; Casey, W. J.; G-Chen, H. S.; Hood Franks, D.; Young, L.; Salmon, S. E. Quantitation of drug sensitivity by human metastatic melanoma colony-forming-units. Br. J. Cancer 44: 787–797; 1981.
Mordoh, J.; Chacon, R. D.; Filmus, J. Isolation of tumor cells from patients with osteosarcoma and analysis of their sensitivity to methotrexate. Cancer Res. 41: 3621–3628; 1981.
Hakansson, L.; Trope, C. On the presence within tumors of clones that differ in sensitivity to cytostatic drugs. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. [A] 82: 35–40; 1974.
Heppner, G. H.; Dexter, D. L.; De Nucci, T.; Millar, F. R.; Calabresi, P. Heterogeneity in drug sensitivity among tumor cell subpopulations of a single mammary tumor. Cancer Res. 38: 3758–3763; 1978.
Tsuruo, T.; Fidler, I. J. Differences in drug sensitivity among tumor cells from parental tumors, selected variants, and spontaneous metastases. Cancer Res. 41: 3058–3064; 1981.
Guichard, M.; Courdi, A.; Malaise, E. P. Données expérimentales de la radiobiologie des tumeurs solides. J. Eur. Radiother. 1: 171–191; 1980.
Rofstad, E. K. Radiation response of the cells of a human malignant melanoma xenograft. Effect of hypoxic cell radiosensitizers. Radiat. Res. 87: 670–683; 1981.
Selby, P. J.; Courtenay, V. D. In vitro cellular radiosensitivity of human malignant melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 8: 1235–1237; 1982.
Fertil, B.; Malaise, E. P. Inherent cellular radiosensitivity as a basic concept for human tumor radiotherapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 7: 621–630; 1981.
Barranco, S. C.; Ramsdahl, M. M.; Humphrey, R. M. The radiation response of human malignant melanoma cells grown in vitro. Cancer Res. 31: 830–833; 1971.
Weininger, J.; Guichard, M.; Joly, A. M.; Malaise, E. P.; Lachet, B. Radiosensitivity and growth parameters in vitro of three human melanoma cell strans. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 34: 285–290; 1978.
Trott, K. R.; von Lieven, H.; Kummermehr, J.; Skopal, D.; Lukacs, S.; Braun-Falco, O. The radiosensitivity of malignant melanomas. Part 1: Experimental studies. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 7: 9–13; 1981.
Guichard, M.; Gosse, C.; Malaise, E. P. Survival curve of a human melanoma in nude mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58: 1165–1609; 1977.
Chavaudra, N.; Guichard, M.; Malaise, E. P. Hypoxic fraction and repair of potentially lethal radiation damage in two human melanomas transplanted into nude mice. Radiat. Res. 88: 56–68; 1981.
Weichselbaum, R. R.; Schmit, A.; Little, J. B. Cellular repair factors influencing radiocurability of human malignant tumours. Br. J. Cancer 45: 10–16; 1982.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Courdi, A., Gioanni, J., Lalanne, C.M. et al. Establishment, characterization, and response to cytotoxic and radiation treatment of three human melanoma cell lines. In Vitro 19, 453–461 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02619592
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02619592