References
Atkin, J. M., & Karplus, R. (1962). Discovery or invention?The Science Teacher, 29(5), 45–51.
Barufaldi, J. P. (1988).Improving preservice/inservice science teacher education: Future perspectives (1987 Yearbook of the Association for the Education of Teachers in Science). Columbus, OH: ERIC Clearninghouse for Science, Mathematics and Environmental Education.
Karplus, R. et al. (1979).Science Teaching and the Development of Reasoning. Berkeley, CA: University of California.
Renner, J., & Marek, E. (1988).The Learning Cycle. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Renner, J., & Stafford, D. (1979).Teaching Science in the Elementary School. New York: Harper Row.
Renner, J., Stafford, D., Lawson, A., McKinnon, J., Friot, F., & Kellogg, D. (1976).Research, teaching, and learning with the Piaget model. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Rubba, P., & Klindienst, D. (Ed.). (1990).Teacher-developed elementary science learning cycle lesson plans. University Park, PA: Penn State University.
Showers, B., Joyce, B., & Bennett, R. (1987). A synthesis of research on staff development: A framework for future study and a state-of-the-art analysis.Educational Leadership, 45(3), 77–87.
Spector, B. S. (1987).A guide to inservice science teacher education: research into practice (1986 Yearbook of the Association for the Education of Teachers in Science). Columbus, OH: ERIC Clearinghouse for Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education
Zeichner, K. M. (1983). Alternative paradigms of teacher education.Journal of Teacher Education, 43(3), 3–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This article is based on a paper which received the “Innovation in Teaching Science Teachers” award at the 1992 Annual Meeting of The Association for the Education of Teachers in Science.
About this article
Cite this article
Rubba, P.A. The learning cycle as a model for the design of science teacher preservice and inservice education. J Sci Teacher Educ 3, 97–101 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02614776
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02614776