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Note sur la crise sismo-volcanique à la soufrière de La Guadeloupe 1975–1977

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Abstract

Superficial volcanic manifestations occurred at Soufriere de Guadeloupe in 1976–1977. Superficial phenomena started on July 8, and had been preceded the previous year by a seismovolcanic crisis of exceptional amplitude for the Caribbean region. The essentially phreatic manifestations were accompanied by an extraordinarily high number of recorded quiakes: 16,467 earthquakes in 21 months, 153 of which classified as clearly perceived. The epicentral area covered about 30 km2, and the seismic energy released reached a total of 1018 erg.

Thirty-six volcanic tremors accompanied violent superficial manifestations, and 26 strong phreatic eruptions have been observed.

The important role played by seismology as a crisis detector for this type of volcanoes has been clearly shown.

Resume

Des manifestations volcaniques superficielles ont eu lieu à la Soufrière de la Guadaloupe en 1967–1977. Les phénomènes de surface commencés le 8 Juillet 1976 ont été précédés, un an avant, d’une crise sismo-volcanique dont l’ampleur était nouvelle dans la region Caraïbe. Les projections, qui sont restées essentiellement phréatiques, ont cependant, sur le plan sismique, été accompagnées d’un nombre anormalement élévé de signaux détectés: 16 467 séismes pendant les 21 mois de crise, dont 153 signalés comme ressentis. La zone épicentrale couvrait. 30 km2 environ. L’énergie sismique libérée a atteint 1018 ergs pour l’ensemble de la crise.

36 «trémors» volcaniques ont été associés aux manifestations violentes de surface et l’on a dénombré 26 éruptions phréatiques importantes.

La sismologie a montré d’une manière déterminante le röle de détecteur de crise qu’elle peut jouer, pour ce type de volcan.

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Contribution IPG n. 386

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Dorel, J., Feuillard, M. Note sur la crise sismo-volcanique à la soufrière de La Guadeloupe 1975–1977. Bull Volcanol 43, 419–430 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02598043

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