Summary
This prospective study was designed to determine the role of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) in HIV-infected patients. Immunofluorescence tests (IFT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were applied to sera of 199 consecutive outpatients. In the IFT 20% were positive. An atypical ANCA pattern was demonstrated in 67% of these, 33% revealed a perinuclear staining (pANCA). Specific ELISA revealed proteinase 3 (n=2), myeloperoxidase (n=1), lysozyme (n=2), lactoferrin (n=1), cathepsin G (n=1), and human leukocyte elastase (HLE, n=6). The target antigen remained unidentified in 26 patients. Perinuclear ANCA-positive patients showed atypical antigens in eight of 13 cases; all six patients with anti-HLE revealed a pANCA pattern. The antigens of atypical ANCA-positive patients remained unidentified in 21 of 26 (81%) cases. No signs of vasculitis were present in the ANCA-positive patients. ANCA are frequently found in the sera of HIV-positive patients. They bind to a variety of antigens. No correlation was found between ANCA positivity and autoimmune or opportunistic diseases.
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Cornely, O.A., Hauschild, S., Weise, C. et al. Seroprevalence and disease association of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and antigens in HIV infection. Infection 27, 92–96 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02560504
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02560504