Abstract
A group of 28 Syrian children (19 males and 9 females; age ranging from 2.5 to 12 years) were diagnosed clinically and radiologically to have upper urinary tract stones. The commonest presentations were renal colic, vomiting, haematuria, pyrexia and vague abdominal pain. Family history of renal stones was present in 21% of cases. Haematological picture and chemical analysis of blood were within the normal limits for their age and sex. Urine analysis, however, showed significantly marked increase in the 24-hour excretions of calcium and uric acid. Microscopic examination showed haematuria and pyuria in 72% of the children with urolithiasis.
Chemical analysis of removed stones revealed that most of them were mixed stones of calcium oxalate and urate or/and phosphate. Pure stones of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate were less common. Radiologically, about 95% of all stones were demonstrated by plain X-ray, while 5% only after IVP.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lattimer, J. K., Hubbard, M.: Pediatric urological admissions.J. Urol., 66, 289 (1951).
Daeschner, C. W., Singleton, E. B., Curtis, J. C.: Urinary tract calculi and nephrocalcinosis in infants and children.J. Pediatr., 57, 721 (1960).
Mayers, N. A.: Urolithiasis in childhood.Arch. Dis. Child., 32, 48 (1957).
Anderson, D. A.: Historical and geographical differences in the pattern of incidence of urinary stones considered in relation to possible etiological factors. In: Hodgkinson, A., Nordin, B.E.C. (eds): Renal Stone Research Symposium. J. A. Churchill. London 1969.
Coe, F. L., Favus, M. J.: Disorders of stone formation. In: Brenner, B. M., Rector, F. C. (eds): The Kidney, W. B. Saunders Company, London 1981.
Marshall, V., White, R. H., Chaput, D. E., Saintarge, M., Tjesddes, G. C., Blandy, J. P.: The natural history of renal and ureteric colic.Br. J. Urol., 47, 117 (1975).
Williams, R. C.: Long-term survey of 538 patients with upper urinary tract stones.Br. J. Urol., 35, 416 (1963).
Technicon Publication method catalogue, No. UA4-01600-00 1974. Technicon Instruments Corporation, Tarrytown, New York.
Trudeau, D. L., Freier, E.: Determination of calcium in urine and serum by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Clin. Chem., 13, 101 (1967).
Bonsnes, R. W., Taussky, H. H.: Colorimetric determination of creatinine by Jaffe reaction;J. Biol. Chem., 158, 581 (1945).
Varley, H., Gowenlock, A. H., Bell, M.: Practical Clinical Biochemistry, 5th Ed. W. Heinemann Medical Books Ltd., London 1980. Vol. I, p. 1181.
Coe, F. L.: Treated and untreated recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria or no metabolic disorder.Ann. Intern. Med., 87, 404 (1977).
Coe, F. L., Parks, J. H., Moore, E. S.: Familial idiopathic hypercalciuria.N. Engl. J. Med., 300, 337 (1979).
Coe, F. L.: Nephrolithiasis: Pathogenesis and treatment. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago 1978.
Churchill, D. N., Maloney, C. M., Nolan, R., Gault, M. H., Winsor, G.: Pediatric nephrolithiasis in the 1970s.J. Urol., 123, 237 (1980).
Marquardt, H., Negel, R.: Pediatric nephrolithiasis.Urology, 9, 627 (1977).
Pak, C. Y. C.: Should patients with single renal stone recurrence undergo diagnostic evaluation?J. Urol., 127, 855 (1982).
Norman, R. W., Bath, S. S., Robertson, W. G., Peacock, M.: When should patients with symptomatic urinary stone disease by evaluated metabolically.J. Urol., 132, 1137 (1984).
Drach, G. W., Perin, R., Jacobs, S.: Outpatient evaluation of patients with calcium urolithiasis.J. Urol., 121, 564 (1979).
Pak, C. Y. C., Fetner, C., Townsend, J., Brinkley, L.: Evaluation of calcium urolithiasis in ambulatory patients. Comparison of results with those of inpatients’ evaluation.Am. J. Med., 64, 979 (1978).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hadidy, S., Shammaa, M.Z. & Kharma, A. Some features of paediatric urolithiasis in a group of Syrian children. International Urology and Nephrology 19, 3–8 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02549671
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02549671