Abstract
-
1.
A new method for calculating the accretion rate (A) of bone calcium is proposed, based on an impulse analysis of47Ca data. The method is free of most of the assumptions inherent in previous methods of analysis and appears to give more accurate estimates.
-
2.
In fourteen normal subjects and twelve patients with metabolic bone disease, measurements ofA by the new method gave very similar results to the mineralization rate calculated by the method of Burkinshawet al. (1969). Analysis of twelve studies performed by Neeret al. (1967) gave good agreement with their five compartment model. A close relation betweenA and Marshall’s (1964)A 5 was observed, but the latter gave systematically higher results.
-
3.
In sixteen studies both47Ca and85Sr were injected simultaneously. Although there were no systematic differences between the values ofA for the two tracers, the differences between individual values were greater than the known experimental errors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J., Tomlinson, R. W. S., Osborn, S. B., Wise, M. E.: Radiocalcium turnover in man. Lancet (I) 930–934 (1967)
Aubert, J.-P., Milhaud, G.: Methode de mésure des principales voies du métabolisme calcique chez l’homme. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)39, 122–139 (1960)
Aubert, J.-P., Bronner, F., Richelle, L. J.: Quantitation of calcium metabolism: theory. J. clin. Invest.42, 885–897 (1963)
Bailey, N. T. J.: Statistical methods in biology. London: English Universities Press Ltd. 1959
Bauer, G. C. H., Carlsson, A., Lindquist, B.: Evaluation of accretion, resorption and exchange reactions in the skeleton. Kungl. Fysiografiska Sällskapets i Lund Förhandlingar25, 3–18 (1955)
Bishop, M., Harrison, G. E., Raymond, W. H. A., Sutton, S., Rundo, J.: Excretion and retention of radioactive strontium in normal men following a single intravenous injection. Int. J. Radiat. Biol.2, 125–142 (1960)
Bronner, F., Harris, R. S.: Absorption and metabolism of calcium in human beings studied with calcium-45, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.34, 314–325 (1956)
Bronner, F., Aubert, J.-P., Richelle, L. J., Saville, P. D., Nicholas, J. A., Cobb, J. R.: Strontium and its relation to calcium metabolism. J. clin. Invest.42, 1095–1104 (1963)
Bullamore, J. R., Nordin, B. E. C., Wilkinson, R., Marshall, D. H.: Radiocalcium measurement of bone turnover in disorders of calcium metabolism using a model based on an expanding pool. Dynamic Studies with Radioisotopes in Medicine p. 519–538. Vienna: IAEA 1971.
Burkinshaw, L., Marshall, D. H., Oxby, C. B., Spiers, F. W., Nordin, B. E. C., Young, M. M.: Bone turnover model based on a continuously expanding exchangeable calcium pool. Nature (Lond.)222, 146–148 (1969)
Burkinshaw, L., Marshall, D. H.: Accuracy of estimation of the parameters in a model of calcium tracer kinetics. J. theor. Biol.30, 255–265 (1971)
Cohn, S. H., Lippincott, S. W., Gusmano, E. A. Robertson, J. S.: Comparative kinetics of47Ca and85Sr in man. Radiat. Res.19, 104–119 (1963)
Cronquist, A., MacKenzie, J., Smith, T.: A high resolution bulk-sample counter with variable geometry. Int. J. appl. Radiat.26, 89–91 (1975)
Dow, E. C., Stanbury, J. B.: Strontium and calcium metabolism in metabolic bone disease. J. clin. Invest.39, 885–903 (1960)
Dymling, J.-F.: Calculations of calcium kinetics: Inter-laboratory comparisons. IAEA Technical Report No. 32, p. 169–178. Vienna: IAEA 1964
Frost, H. M.: The tetracycline-based histological analysis of bone remodelling. Calcif. Tiss. Res.3, 211–237 (1969)
Gitelman, H. J.: An improved automated procedure for the determination of calcium in biological specimens. Analyt. Biochem.18, 521–531 (1967)
Hamilton, W. F., Moore, J. W., Kinsman, J. M., Spurling, R. G.: Studies on the circulation IV: Further analysis of the injection method and of changes in haemodynamics under physiological and pathological conditions. Amer. J. Physiol.99, 534–551 (1932)
Harrison, G. E., Carr, T. E. F., Sutton, A.: Distribution of radioactive calcium strontium, barium and radium following intravenous injection into a healthy man. Int. J. Radiat. Biol.13 235–247 (1967)
Heaney, R. P.: Evaluation and interpretation of calcium kinetic data in man. Clin. Orthop.31, 153–183 (1963)
Heaney, R. P., Bauer, G. C. H., Bronner, F., Dymling, J.-F., Lafferty, F. W., Nordin, B. E. C., Rich, C.: A normal reference standard for radiocalcium turnover and excretion in humans. J. Lab. clin. Med.64, 21–28 (1964)
Hosking, D. J., Chamberlain, M. J., Fremlin, J. H., Janes, H.: Changes in total body calcium and sodium in osteomalacia, Brit. med. J., (I), 19–24 (1972)
Jowsey, J., Kelly, P. J., Riggs, B. L., Bianco, A. J., Scholz, D. A., Gershon-Cohen, J.: Quantitative microradiographic studies of normal and osteoporotic bone. J. Bone. Jt Surg.47A, 785–806, and 872 (1965)
Marshall, J. H.: Theory of alkaline earth metabolism. IAEA Technical Report No. 32, p. 21–37. Vienna: IAEA 1964
Marshall, J. H., Liniecki, J., Lloyd E. L., Marotti, G., Mays, C. W., Rundo, J., Sissons, H. A., Snyder, W. S.: Alkaline earth metabolism in adult man. Hlth Phys.24, 125–221 (1973)
Neuman, W. F., Bjornerstedt, R., Mulryan, B. J.: Synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals. II. Aging and strontium incorporation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.101, 215–224 (1963)
Neer, R., Berman, M., Fisher, L. E.: Multicompartment analysis of calcium kinetics in normal adult males. J. Clin. Invest.46, 1364–1379 (1967)
Phang, J. M., Berman, M., Finerman, G. A., Neer, R., Rosenberg, L. E., Hahn, T. J., Fisher, L., Granger, A.: Dietary perturbation of calcium metabolism in normal man: compartmental analysis. J. clin. Invest.48, 67–77 (1969)
Pybus, J., Feldman, F. J., Bowers, G. N.: Measurement of total calcium in serum by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with use of a strontium internal reference. Clin. Chem.16, 998–1007 (1970)
Reeve, J., Veall, N.: Radioisotope studies of calcium metabolism and their interpretation. Clin. Endocr. Metab.1(1), 185–196 (1972).
Reeve, J., Hesp, R., Veall, N.: Effects of therapy on rate of absorption of calcium from gut in disorders of calcium homoeostasis. Brit. med. J.3, 310–313 (1974)
Reeve, J., Tregear, G. W., Parsons, J. A., Preliminary trial of low doses of human parathyroid hormone 1–34 peptide in treatment of osteoporosis, Calcif. Tiss. Res. Suppl. (In press, 1976)
Riviera, J.: Human bone metabolism inferred from fall-out investigations. Nature (Lond.)207, 1330–1332 (1965).
Rösick, U., Zimen, K. E.: Diffusion von47Ca,85Sr und32P in hydroxylapatit. Biophysik.9, 120–131 (1973)
Shimmins, J., Smith, D. A., Nordin, B. E. C., Burkinshaw, L.: A comparison between Calcium-45 and Strontium-85, absorption, excretion and skeletal uptake, Strontium Metabolism, (J. M. Lenihan, J. F. Loutit, and J. H. Martin, eds.), p. 149–159, London: Academic Press 1967
Simon, W.: Mathematical techniques for physiology and medicine, Ch. 5. London; Academic Press 1967
Stephenson, J. L.: Theory of the measurement of blood flow by the dilution of an indicator. Bull. Math. Biophys.10, 117–121 (1948)
Stephenson, J. L.: Theory of transport in linear biological systems: fundemental integral equation. Bull. Math. Biophys.22, 1–17 (1960a)
Stephenson, J. L.: Integral equation description of transport phenomena in biological systems. In: Proceedings of the 4th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability. Berkeley: Univ. of Calif. Press., 1960b
Stewart, G. N.: Researches on the circulation time and on the influences which affect it. J. Physiol. (Lond.)22, 159–173 (1897)
Tomlinson, R. W. S., Wall, M., Osborn, S. M., Anderson, J.: Radiocalcium studies in normal subjects. Calcif. Tiss. Res.1, 197–203 (1967)
Widdowson, E. M., Dickerson, J. W. T.: ppl-247. In: Mineral Metabolism, vol. 2, part A (C. L. Comar, F. Bronner, eds.) New York: Academic Press 1964.
Zierler, K. L.: Theory of the use of arteriovenous concentration differences for measuring metabolism in steady and non-steady states. J. clin. Invest.40, 2111–2125 (1961)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Reeve, J., Wootton, R. & Hesp, R. A new method for calculating the accretion rate of bone calcium and some observations on the suitability of strontium-85 as a tracer for bone calcium. Calc. Tis Res. 20, 121–135 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02546402
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02546402