Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Identification of polyoxyalkylene-type nonionic surfactants by paper chromatography

  • Technical
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society

Abstract

Despite the increasing importance of nonionic surfactants, methods for their identification have been limited to specific groups. Accordingly, a general analytical scheme for the identification of polyoxyalkylene-type nonionic surfactants was developed, which uses qualitative tests and two paper chromatographic solvent systems. This procedure differentiates among the ethoxylates of alcohols, thioalcohols, alkyl phenol, fatty acids, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene acids, sorbitan fatty esters, fatty amides, polyoxyethylene glycols (PEG) condensates. In addition, individual members of a class can be separated and identified. The method is applicable to a variety of detergent products and to mixtures of more than one nonionic. As little as 7 mg of a nonionic surfactant are sufficient for complete characterization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Block, R. J., E. L. Durrum, G. Zweig, “A Manual of Paper Chromatography and Paper Electrophoresis,” 2nd ed., Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1958, pp. 131, 262, 353 and 361.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Burger, K., Z. Anal. Chem.196, 259 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kelly, J., and H. L. Greenwald, Jr., Phys. Chem.62, 1096 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kortland, C., and J. F. Dammers, JAOCS32, 58 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Patterson, S. J., E. C. Hunt and K. B. E. Tucker, J. and Proc. Inst. Sewage Purif. Part 2, 190–198 (1966).

  6. Patterson, S. J., C. C. Scott and K. B. E. Tucker, JAOCS44, 407–412 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Rosen, M. J., Anal. Chem.27, 111 (1955); Rosen, M. J., and H. A. Goldsmith, “Systematic Analysis of Surface-Active Agents,” Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1960, pp. 109–153.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Rosen, M. J., Ibid.35, 2074 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sadtler, P., ASTM Bulletin190, 51 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Schonfeldt, N., JAOCS32, 77 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Steele, A. B., and L. D. Berger, Soap Chem. Specialties32 (2), 48 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. van der Hoeve, J. A., J. Soc. Dyers and Colourists70, 145 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Weeks, L. E., M. E. Ginn and C. E. Baker, Soap Chem. Specialties33 (8), 47 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Weeks, L. E., J. T. Lewis and M. E. Ginn, JAOCS35, 149 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ivorydale Technical Center, The Procter & Gamble Company, 45217, Cincinnati, Ohio

    George L. Selden & J. H. Benedict

Authors
  1. George L. Selden
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. H. Benedict
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

About this article

Cite this article

Selden, G.L., Benedict, J.H. Identification of polyoxyalkylene-type nonionic surfactants by paper chromatography. J Am Oil Chem Soc 45, 652–655 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02541249

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02541249

Keywords

Search

Navigation