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Omega-3 fatty acid and cholesterol content of newly hatched chicks from α-linolenic acid enriched eggs

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Lipids

Abstract

Egg yolk was enriched with α-linolenic acid (18∶3n−3) by feeding laying hens diets containing flax, canola or soybean seeds. Fertilized eggs were incubated and the fatty acid composition of whole body, liver, plasma, brain and the cholesterol content of plasma and liver tissue of the hatched chicks were studied. Eggs enriched with 18∶2n−6 fatty acids by feeding hens diets containing sunflower seeds were used as the controls. Feeding flax enriched (P<0.05) egg yolk and the developing progeny with 18∶3n−3, 20∶5n−3, 22∶5n−3 and 22∶6n−3. Feeding sunflower seeds resulted in an increase (P<0.05) of 18∶2n−6, 20∶4n−6, 22∶4n−6 and 22∶5n−6. The predominant polyunsaturated fatty acid of the brain was docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6n−3) which was higher (P<0.05) in the flax and canola fed group. The cholesterol content of the liver tissue was lower (P<0.05) in chicks hatched from hens fed flax seeds. This study indicates that 18∶3n−3 and 18∶2n−6 in the maternal diet are potent modulators of long-chain polyunsaturated n−3 or n−6 fatty acid and of cholesterol content in the developing progeny.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

analysis of variance

CE:

eggs from hens fed diets containing ground canola seed

CAC:

chicks hatched from hens fed diets containing ground canola seed

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid

DPA:

docosapentaenoic acid

EPA:

eicosapentaenoic acid

FE:

eggs from hens fed diets containing ground flax seed

FXC:

chicks hatched from hens fed diets containing ground flax seed

GC:

gas chromatograph

HMG-CoA:

3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A

LNA:

α-linolenic acid

MUFA:

monounsaturated fatty acid(s)

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acid(s)

SBC:

chicks hatched from hens fed diets containing ground soybean seed

SBE:

eggs from hens fed diets containing ground soybean seed

SFC:

ground sunflower

SCWL:

single comb white leghorn

SFE:

eggs from hens fed diets containing ground sunflower seed

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2P5, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    G. Cherian & J. S. Sim

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  1. G. Cherian
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  2. J. S. Sim
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Cherian, G., Sim, J.S. Omega-3 fatty acid and cholesterol content of newly hatched chicks from α-linolenic acid enriched eggs. Lipids 27, 706–710 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536029

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536029

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