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Effect of dietary fats on desaturase activities and the biosynthesis of fatty acids in rat-liver microsomes

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Lipids

Abstract

Four groups of rats were fed diets containing 15% (w/w) high-oleic safflower oil (SFO, rich incis-18∶1 acids), a mixture of 80% partially hydrogenated soybean oil plus 20% corn oil (H+CO, rich intrans-18∶1 acids), lard (L, rich in saturated fatty acids) and corn oil (Co, rich in 18∶2ω6). Fatty acid composition of liver microsomes and activities of the Δ5, Δ6 and Δ9 desaturases were determined. Microsomal Δ6 desaturase activity and arachidonic acid were lower in the H+CO group compared with SFO of L. No difference was found in the Δ5 or Δ6 desaturase activity of CO and SFO groups. Thus, the oleic-acid level of the SFO diet had no effect on the metabolism of 18∶2ω6. Fluorescent polarization studies, usingtrans-parinaric acid as a probe, showed no differences between the physical states of phospholipid vesicles made from lipids isolated from each group. We concluded that thetrans-18∶1 acids in partially hydrogenated soybean oil have a more inhibitory effect than saturated acids on EFA metabolism, even in the presence of adequate amounts of essential fatty acid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burnsider Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL

    M. M. Mahfouz, T. L. Smith & F. A. Kummerow

Authors
  1. M. M. Mahfouz
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  2. T. L. Smith
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  3. F. A. Kummerow
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Mahfouz, M.M., Smith, T.L. & Kummerow, F.A. Effect of dietary fats on desaturase activities and the biosynthesis of fatty acids in rat-liver microsomes. Lipids 19, 214–222 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534800

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534800

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