Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Relative importance of direct and indirect interaction among individual snails

  • Published:
Researches on Population Ecology

Summary

Individual organisms interact directly through behavior, and indirectly through resource consumption and environment modification. The effects of different kinds of interactions on individual growth and reproduction will differ. Freshwater snails may interact directly for food resources and indirectly through substances dissolved in water. I separated the effects of the direct behavioral interaction and indirect interaction through waters using laboratory experiments with freshwater snailsPhysa acuta. Behavioral direct interaction have negative effects on the growth, but indirect interaction through water environments has positive effect on the growth. The importance of distinction of different kinds of interactions were discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abrams, P. A. (1987) On classifying interactions between populations.Oecologia 73: 272–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bronmark, C., S. D. Rundle and A. E. Erlandsson (1991) Interaction between freshwater snails and tadpoles: competition and facilitation.Oecologia 87: 8–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. M. (1982) Resource overlap and competition in pond snails: an experimental analysis.Ecology 63: 412–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Damuth, J. and I. L. Heisler (1988) Alternative formulations of multilevel selection.Biol. Phil. 3: 407–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heisler, I. L. and J. Damuth (1987) A method for analyzing selection in hierarachically structured populations.Am. Nat. 130: 582–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawata, M. and M. Inaba (1992) Individual differences in growth and access to food in the freshwater snail,Physa acuta.J. Ethol. 10: 75–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawata, M. and H. Ishigami (1992) The growth of juvenile snails in water conditioned by snails of a different species.Oecologia 91: 245–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krebs, J. R. and N. B. Davies (1991)Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. Blackwell, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam, P. K. S. and P. Calow (1988) Differences in the shell shape ofLymnaea peregra (Müller) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from lotic and lentic habitats: environmental or genetic variance?J. Moll. Stud. 54: 197–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lomnicki, A. (1988)Population Ecology of Individuals. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotoka, A. J. (1932) The growth of mixed populations: two species competing for a common food supply.J. Washington. Acad. Sci. 22: 461–469.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, R. (1977)Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications. Saunders, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCormick, P. V. and R. J. Stevenson (1991) Grazer control of nutrient availability in the periphyton.Oecologia 86: 287–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. F. (1983) Physiological ecology of freshwater pulmonates. 359–430. In W. D. Russell-Haunter (ed.)The Mollusca. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, E. P. (1971)Fundamentals of Ecology, 3rd ed. Saunders, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osenberg, C. W. (1989) Resource limitation, competition and the influence of life history in a freshwater snail community.Oecologia 79: 512–519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, W. R. (1989) Analyzing tables of statistical tests.Evolution 43: 223–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ricklefs, R. E. (1990)Ecology, 3rd ed W. H. Freeman, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roughgarden, J. (1979)Theory of Population Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology: An Introduction. Macmillan, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokal, R. R. and F. J. Rohlf (1981)Biometory. 2nd ed. Freeman, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. D. (1982) Chemical ecology of the snail hosts of schistosomiasis: snail-snail and snail-plant interactions.Malacologia 22: 81–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. D., G. J. Goldsworthy and R. H. Aram (1975) Studies on the chemical ecology of snails: The effect of chemical conditioning by adult snails on the growth of juvenile snails.J. Anim. Ecol. 44: 1–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. D. and R. H. Aram (1974) The chemical ecology ofBiomphalaria glabrata (Say), the effects of media homotypically conditioned by adult snails on the growth of juveniles.J. Exp. Zool. 190: 329–339.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. D. and M. Behjamin (1974) The effects of population density on growth and reproduction ofBiomphalaria glabrata (Say) (Gasteropoda: Pulmonata).J. Anim. Ecol. 43: 31–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, 422, Shizuoka, Japan

    Masakado Kawata

Authors
  1. Masakado Kawata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kawata, M. Relative importance of direct and indirect interaction among individual snails. Res Popul Ecol 35, 69–77 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02515646

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02515646

Keywords

Search

Navigation