Summary
A capillary zone electrophoretic method for the analysis of phenolic acids in soil and plant extracts was developed with direct UV detection using a phosphate electrolyte solution. The electrophoretic separation required the phenolic acids to be charged at a pH above their pKa in order to achieve their migration towards the anode. Electroosmotic flow (EOF) was reversed in direction by adding tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB). Factors affecting the separation selectivity, including the buffer pH and EOF modifiers, were investigated systematically. Eight phenolic acids were separated and detected in 10 min using an electrolyte containing 25 mM phosphate, 0.5 mM TTAB and 15% acetonitrile (v/v) at pH of 7.20. Linear plots for the test phenolic acids were obtained in a concentration range of 0.01–1 mM with detection limits in the range of 1.0–7.0 μM. The recoveries ranged from 92.8 to 102.3% in soil and plant tissues samples spiked at 100 μM and the relative standard deviation based on the peak area were ranged 2.0 to 4.5%. The proposed method was used for the determination of phenolic acids in plant tissue and soil extracts with direct injection.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mench, M.; Martin, E.Plant Soil 1991,132, 187.
Blum, U.J. Chem. Ecology 1998,24, 685.
Northup, R.R.; Ryu, Z.; Dahlgre, R.A.; Vogt, K.A.;Nature 1995,337, 227.
Muller, R.N.; Kalisz, P.J.Oecologia 1989,79, 563.
Basu, U.; Godbold, D.; Taylor, G.J.J. Plant Physiol. 1994,144, 747.
Gallet, C.; Keller, C.Soil Biology and Biochemistry 1999,31, 1156.
Heimler, D.; Pieroni, A.Chromatographia 1994,38, 475.
Glowniak, K.; Zgorka, G.; Kozyra, M.J. Chromatogr. A 1996,730, 25.
Andrade, P.B.; Seabra, R.M.; Valentao, P.; Areias, F.J. Liq. Chrom. & Rel. Technol. 1998,21, 2813.
Casteele, K.V.; Geiger, H.; Sumere, C.F.V.J. Chromatogr. 1983,258, 111.
Andersen, J.M.; Pedersen, W.B.J. Chromatogr. 1983,259, 131.
Delage, E.; Bohuon, G.; Baron, A.; Drilleau, J.F.J. Chromatogr. 1991,555, 125.
Chen, Z.; Adams, M.A.J. Liq. Chrom. & Rel. Technol. 1999,22, 2595.
Chen, Z.; Adams, M.A.Anal. Chim. Acta 1999,386, 249.
Cartoni, C.; Coccioli, F.; Jasionowska, R.J. Chromatogr. A 1995,709, 209.
Fernandes, J.B.; Griffiths, D.W.; Bain, H.; Fernandes, F.A.N.Phytochemi. Anal. 1996,7, 253.
Fernandes, J.B.; Griffiths, D.W.; Bain, H.Phytocheml. Anal. 1996,7, 178.
Moane, F.S.; Park, S.; Lunte, C.E.; Smith, M.R.Analyst 1998,123, 1931.
Bjergegaad, C.; Michaelsen, S.; Sorensen, H.J. Chroamtogr. 1992,608, 403.
Landers, J.P.Handbook of Capillary Electrophoresis, 2nd ed., CRC press,1997.
Szmigielska, A.M.; Vanrees, K.C.J.; Cieslinski, G.; Huang, P.M.Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 1997,38, 99.
Masselter, S.M.; Zemann, A.J.:Anal. Chem. 1995,67, 1047.
Masselter, S.M.; Zemann, A.J.; Bonn, G.K.J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998,12, 3.
Volgger, D.; Zemann, A.J.; Bonn, G.K.; Antal, Jr. M.J.J. Chromatogr. A 1998,758, 263.
Chen, Z.; Tang, C.; Yu, J.C.J. High. Resol. Chromagr. 1999,22, 379.
Smith, S.C.; Khaledi, M.G.Anal. Chem. 1992,193, 193.
Soga, T.; Ross, G.R.J. Chromatogr. A 1997,767, 223.
Lucy, C.A.; Underhill, R.S.Anal. Chem. 1996,68, 300.
Lucy, C.A.J. Chromatogr. A 1999,850, 319.
Zemann, A.; Volgger, D.Anal. Chem. 1997,69, 3243
Shewr, C.; Kenndler, E.Anal. Chem. 1991,63, 180
Sarmini, K.; Kenndler, E.J. Chromatogr. A 1999,833, 24.
Sarmini, K.; Kenndler, E.J. Chromatogr. A 1998,811, 20.
Sarmini, K.; Kenndler, E.J. Chromatogr. A 1998,818, 209.
Dean, J.A.Analytical Chemistry Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York,1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, Z.L., Krishnamurti, G.S.R. & Naidu, R. Separation of phenolic acids in soil and plant tissue extracts by co-electroosmotic capillary electrophoresis with direct UV detection. Chromatographia 53, 179–184 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491567
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491567