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A new chronic recording intracortical microelectrode

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Abstract

Chronic recording intracortical microelectrodes (c.r.i.m.s) maintain connections between external devices and single neural elements in the cerebral cortices of unrestrained animals. Such electrodes are tethered to the skull by means of an ultraflexible lead and cemented to the surface of the brain by a drop of biodegradable adhesive, and they are contained within a fluid-filled chamber which re-establishes the integrity of the cranial vault.

The chronic electrode described offers the advantages of reproducibility and mass manufacture. A new combination of biomaterials (pure iridium for the shaft, pure gold for the flexible lead and poly-monochloro-p-xylene as the insulator) meets those mechanical constraints which provide for stability of electrode tip position. Design, fabrication andin vivo behaviour of the electrode are described in detail. A description is included of a technique by which the position of the c.r.i.m. may be adjusted while in the animal.

Sommaire

Les microélectrodes intracorticales d'enregistrement chronique MIEC maintiennent les liaisons entre les appareils extérieurs et les éléments neuraux des substances corticales cérébrales des animaux en liberté. De telles électrodes sont attachées au crâne à laide d'un fil très souple et collées à la surface du cerveau par une goutte de matière adhésive biodégradable et elles sont comprises dans la cavité pleine de fluide ce qui rétablit l'intégrité de la voûte crânienne.

L'électrode chronique décrite offre les avantages de sa reproductibilité et de sa production en masse. Une combinaison nouvelle de biomatériaux (iridium pûr pour la tige, or pur pour le fil flexible et poly-monochloro-p-xylène pour l'isolement) répondent aux exigences mécaniques qui produisent la stabilité de la pointe de l'électrode. La conception et la fabrication de l'électrode ainsi que son comportement in vivo sont décrits en détail. L'article décrit la technique par laquelle la position de la m.i.e.c. peut être ajustée alors qu'implantée dans l'animal.

Zusammenfassung

Dauernd aufzeichnende, intrakortikale Mikroelektroden (CRIMs) stellen die Verbindung zwischen externen Geräten und einzelnen Nervenelementen in der Hirnrinde ungehemmter Tiere dar. Derartige Elektroden werden durch ultraflexible Kabel am Schädel befestigt und durch einen Tropfen biologische abbaubaren Klebstoffs an die Gehirnoberfläche geklebt. Sie befinden sich in einer mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Kammer, die die Integrität des Schädelgewölbes wiederherstellt.

Die beschriebene Dauerelektrode bietet den Vorteil der Reproduzierbarkeit und Massenherstellung. Eine Kombination von Biostoffen (reines Iridium für den Schaft, reines Gold für das flexible Kabel und Polymonochlor-p-xylen als Isolator) beseitigt die mechanischen Beschränkungen, so daß die Position der Elektrodenspitze unverändert bleibt. Konstruktion, Herstellung und Verhalten der Elektroden in vivo werden genau beschrieben. Auch ein Verfahren, durch das die Position der c.r.i.m. im Tier verstellt werden kann, wird eingehend erläutert.

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Salcman, M., Bak, M.J. A new chronic recording intracortical microelectrode. Med. & biol. Engng. 14, 42–50 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02477088

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02477088

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