Abstract
The validity of the somatosensory evoked potential for serial neurological evaluation requires an understanding of normal variations in the responses Studies were conducted in 15 normal adult volunteers during two nights of sleep and in five normal adult volunteers during waking hours. The response amplitudes and latencies obtained during the day were demonstrated to be stationary by use of the runs or sign test Similarly, the earliest portions of the scalp recorded evoked potential were stationary during sleep Later portions of the responses had significantly lower amplitudes and demonstrated increased latency during deep sleep. The stability of the early portions of the SSEP suggest that it is a reliable tool for serial neurological evaluation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ackmann, J. J., Larson, S. J., Sances, A. Jr. andBarr, R. E. (1979) Non-invasive monitoring techniques in neurosurgical intensive care.J. Clin. Eng.,4, 329–337.
Ball, G. J., Sanders, M. G. andSchnabl, J. (1971) Determination of peripheral sensory nerve conduction velocities in man from stimulus response delays of the cortical evoked potentials.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,30, 409–414.
Bendat, J. S. andPiersol, A. G. (1971)Random data: analysis and measurement procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
Bostock, H. andJarvis, M. J. (1970) Changes in the form of the cerebral evoked response related to the speed of simple reaction time.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,29, 137–145.
Celesia, G. G. andDaly, R. F. (1977) Effects of aging on visual evoked responses.Arch. Neurol.,34, 403–407.
Cohen, B. A. andSances, A. Jr. (1977) Stationarity of the human electroencephalogram.Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput.,15, 513–518.
Cusick, J. F., Ackmann, J. J. andLarson, S. J. (1977) Mechanical and physiological effects of dentatotomy.Neursurg.,46, 767–775.
Cusick, J. F., Myklebust, J., Larson, S. J. andSances, A. Jr. (1978a) Spinal evoked potentials in the primate.J. Neurosurg.,49, 551–557.
Cusick, J. F., Myklebust, J. B. andSances, A. Jr. (1978b) Evoked potential alterations in spinal cord trauma: the responsible biomechanical factors. InElectrotherapeutic sleep and electroanesthesia, Vol. 5,Wageneder, F. M. andGermann, R. H. (Eds.), Universitat Graz, 55–58.
Cusick, J. F., Myklebust, J., Larson, S. J. andSances, A. Jr. (1979) Spinal cord evaluation by cortical evoked responses.Arch. Neurol.,36, 140–143.
Demaire, C. andCoquery, J. M. (1977) Effects of selective attention on the late components of evoked potentials in man.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,42, 702–704.
Engler, G. L., Spielholz, N. I., Bernhard, W. N., Danziger, F., Merkin, H. andWolff, T. (1978) Somatosensory evoked potentials during harrington instrumentation for scoliosis,J. Bone & Joint Surg.,60A, 528–532.
Giblin, D. R. (1964) somatosensory evoked potentials in healthy subjects and in patients with lesions of the nervous system.Ann. NY Acad. Sci.,112, 93–142.
Goff, W. R., Allison, T., Shapiro, A. andRosner, B. S. (1966) Cerebral somatosensory responses evoked during sleep in man.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,21, 1–9.
Greenberg, R. P., Mayer, D. J., Becker, D. P. andMiller, J. D. (1977a) Evaluation of brain function in severe human head trauma with multimodality evoked potentials. Part I.J. Neurosurg.,47, 150–162.
Greenberg, R. P., Becker, D. P., Miller, J. D. andMayer, D. J. (1977b) Evaluation of brain function in severe human head trauma with multimodality evoked potentials. Part II.,47, 163–177.
Horvath, R. S. (1969) Variability of cortical auditory evoked response,J. Neurophysiol.,32, 1056–1063.
Kaplan, B. J. (1977) Phenobarbitol and phenytoin effects on somatosensory evoked potentials and spontaneous EEG in normal cat brain.Epilepsia,18, 397–403.
Larson, S. J., Sances, A. Jr. andBaker, J. B. (1966a) Evoked cortical potentials in patients with stroke.Circulation,23 (Suppl. II), 15–19.
Larson, S. J., Sances, A. Jr. andChristenson, P. C. (1966b) Evoked somatosensory potentials in man.Arch. Neurol.,15, 543–548.
Larson, S. J., Sances, A. Jr., Ackmann, J. J. andReigel, D. H. (1973) Non-invasive evaluation of head trauma patients.Surgery,74, 34–40.
Larson, S. J., Sances, A. Jr., Reigel, D. H., Meyer, G. A., Dallman, D. E. andSwiontek, T. (1974) Neurophysiological effects of dorsal column stimulation in man and monkey.J. Neurosurg.,41, 217–223.
Larson, S. J., Walsh, P. R., Sances, A. Jr., Cusick, J. F., Hemmy, D. C. andMahler, H. (1980) Evoked potentials in experimental myelopathy.Spine,5, 299–302.
Lee, R. G. andWhite, D. G. (1974) Modification of the human seomatosensory evoked response during voluntary movement.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,36, 53–62.
Mendel, M. I. andGoldstein, R. (1969) Stability of the early components of the averaged electroencephalic response.J. Speech & Hear. Res.,12, 351–361.
Mendel, M. I. andGoldstein, R. (1971) Early components of the averaged electroencephalic response to constant level clicks during all-night sleep..,14, 829–840.
Namerow, N. S. (1968) Somatosensory evoked responses in multiple sclerosis patients with varying sensory loss.Neurology,18, 1197–1204.
Noel, P. andDesmedt, J. E. (1975) Somatosensory cerebral evoked potentials after vascular lesions of the brain stem and diencephalon.Brain,98, 113–128.
Palestini, M., Pisano, M., Rosadini, G. andRossi, G. F. (1965) Excitability cycle of the visual cortex during sleep and wakefulness.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,19, 276–283.
Pimmel, R. L., Hung, N. C., Bresnahan, J. C., Hyman, P. R. andYashon, D. (1976) Effects of anaesthesia level and stimulus characteristics on the amplitude and latency of the somatosensory evoked response in monkeys.J. Neurosci. Res.,2, 385–393.
Rechtschaffen, A. andKales, A., (Eds.) (1968)A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. US Govt. Printing Office, PHS.
Russell, W. J. (1972) Variability of the evoked auditory response.Proc. R. Soc. Med.,65, 808–809.
Saier, J., Regis, H., Mano, T. andGastaut, T. (1968) Potentials evoques visuels et somesthesiques pendant le sommeil de l’homme,Brain Res.,10, 431–440.
Salamy, A. andWilliams, H. L. (1973) The effects of alcohol on sensory evoked and spontaneous cerebral potentials in man.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,35, 3–11.
Saltzberg, B. (1972) Theoretical and experimental investigations of electroencephalographic signals using parameter tracking and matched digital filtering. Doctoral dissertation, Marquette University, Milwaukee WI, USA.
Sances, A. Jr. andLarson, S. J. (1967) Evoked potential recording: an adjunct to human sterotactic surgery,IEEE Trans.,BME-14, 162–166.
Sances, A. Jr. andLarson, S. J. (1975)Electroanesthesia: biomedical and biophysical studies. Academic Press, New York.
Sances, A. Jr., Swiontek, T. J., Larson, S. J., Cusick, J. F., Meyer, G. A., Millar, E. A., Hemmy, D. C. andMyklebust, J. (1975) Innovations in neurologic implant systems.Med. Instrum.,9, 213–216.
Sances, A. Jr., Larson, S. J., Myklebust, J., Swiontek, T., Millar, E., Cusick, J. F., Hemmy, D. C., Jodat, R. andAckmann, J. J. (1977) Studies of electrode configuration. Symposium: neuroaugmentive devices, session on chronic cerebellar stimulation.Neurosurgery,1, 207–212.
Sances, A. Jr., Larson, S. J., Myklebust, J., Swiontek, T., Millar, E. A., Cusick, J. F., Hemmy, D. C., Jodat, R. andAckmann, J. J. (1977–1978) Evaluation of electrode configurations in cerebellar implants.Appl. Neurophysiol.,40, 141–159.
Sances, A. Jr., Larson, S. J., Cusick, J. F., Myklebust, J., Ewing, C. L., Jodat R., Ackmann, J. J. andHaas, R. A. (1978) Early somatosensory evoked potentials.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,45, 505–514.
Shagass, C. andTrusty, D. (1966) Somatosensory and visual cerebral evoked response changes during sleep. InRecent advances in biological psychiatry, Vol. 8,Wortis, J. (Ed.), Plenum Press, New York, 321–334.
Sokal, R. R. andRohlf, F. J. (1969)Biometry. W. H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco.
Stark, L. H. andNorton, J. C. (1974) The relative reliability of average evoked response parameters.Psychophysiology,11, 600–602.
Tepas, D. I., Guiteral, V. L. andKlingaman, R. L. (1974) Variability of the human average evoked brain response to visual stimulation: a warning.Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.,36, 533–537.
Uttal, W. R. andCook, L. (1964) Systematics of the evoked somatosensory cortical potential: a psychophysical-electrophysical comparison.Ann. NY Acad. Sci.,112, 60–80.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
In private practice
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Myklebust, J.B., Sances, A., Cusick, J.F. et al. Stationarity of the somatosensory evoked potential. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 22, 558–563 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02443870
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02443870