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Modification of developmental instability and fitness: Malathion-resistance in the Australian sheep blowfly,Lucilia cuprina

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Abstract

The evolution of resistance to malathion byLucilia cuprina initially results in an increase in fluctuating asymmetry. Resistant flies are at a selective disadvantage, relative to susceptibles, in the absence of the insecticide. A fitness/asymmetry modifier of diazinon-resistant phenotypes ameliorates these effects resulting in malathion-resistant phenotypes of relative fitness and asymmetry similar to susceptibles. For the nine genotypic combinations of the modifier and malathion-resistance alleles, developmental time increases linearly with increasing asymmetry. Percentage egg hatch decreases linearly with increasing asymmetry. The initially disruptive effect of the malathion-resistant allele was partially dominant, the effect of the modifier dominant. The results are discussed in terms of developmental perturbation, asymmetry estimation and relative fitness to consider whether it is adequate to use changes in fluctuating asymmetry alone as measures of developmental instability. It is suggested that in some circumstances antisymmetry may indicate developmental instability and that the diazinon/malathion-resistance systems inL. cuprina may allow the relative importance of genetical and/or environmental developmental perturbations to be ascertained.

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  1. Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, 3052, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    J. A. McKenzie & K. O'Farrell

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  1. J. A. McKenzie
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  2. K. O'Farrell
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McKenzie, J.A., O'Farrell, K. Modification of developmental instability and fitness: Malathion-resistance in the Australian sheep blowfly,Lucilia cuprina . Genetica 89, 67–76 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424506

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