Abstract
Grooming initiation among adult males and females of a Japanese macaque troop was analyzed during the non-mating season. Some gestures (“solicitation”) elicited grooming from partners at a high rate. Grooming initiation patterns were divided into two main types: (1) a male often solicited a female to groom him immediately after approaching her and was groomed by her; and (2) a female approached an alpha male selectively, and immediately groomed him. After a female groomed a male, she rarely solicited him to groom her and instead often moved away from him. These results indicated that males were motivated to be groomed, while females were more highly motivated to groom. Sex differences in grooming motivation can be explained by sex differences in the benefit to be groomed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Furuichi, T., 1983. Interindividual distance and influence of dominance on feeding in a natural Japanese macaque troop.Primates, 24: 445–455.
————, 1984. Symmetrical patterns in non-agonistic social interactions found in unprovisioned Japanese macaques.J. Ethol., 2: 109–119.
————, 1985. Inter-male associations in a wild Japanese macaque troop on Yakushima Island, Japan.Primates, 26: 219–237.
Furuya, Y., 1957. Grooming behavior in the wild Japanese monkeys.Primates, 1: 47–68.
Goosen, C., 1987. Social grooming in primates. In:Comparative Primate Biology, Vol. 2b: Behavior, Cognition, and Motivation,G. Mitchell &J. Erwin (eds.), Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 107–131.
Hutchins, M. &D. P. Barash, 1976. Grooming in primates: implications for its utilitarian function.Primates, 17: 145–150.
Koyama, N., 1977. Social structure of Japanese monkeys. In:Jinruigaku-koza, Vol. 2. Reichorui (Anthropology. 2. Primates),J. Itani (ed.), Yuzankaku, Tokyo, pp. 225–276. (in Japanese)
Kudo, H., 1984. Dynamics of social relationships in the process of troop formation of Japanese monkeys in Koshima—“working upon” and “impressing behaviour.”J. Anthropol. Soc. Nippon, 92(4): 253–272. (in Japanese)
————, 1986. Social interaction of adolescent females. In:Social Development and Social Relationship Among Females of Japanese Macaques, Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo, pp. 94–192. (in Japanese)
Kuhn, H.-J., 1967. Parasites and the phylogeny of the catarrhine primates. In:Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Old World Primates with References to the Origin of Man, Rosenburg & Sellier, Torino, pp. 187–195.
Kurland, J. A., 1977.Kin Selection in the Japanese Monkey, Contributions to Primatology, Vol. 12, Karger, Basel.
Lindburg, D. G., 1973. Grooming as a regulator of social interaction in rhesus monkeys. In:Behavioral Regulator of Behavior in Primates,C. R. Carpenter (ed.), Bucknell Univ. Press, Lewisburg, pp. 124–148.
Maruhashi, T., 1980. Feeding behavior and diet of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata yakui) on Yakushima Island, Japan.Primates, 21: 141–160.
————, 1982. An ecological study of troop fissions of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata yakui) on Yakushima Island, Japan.Primates, 23: 317–337.
Mori, A., 1975. Signals found in the grooming interactions of wild Japanese monkeys of the Koshima troop.Primates, 16: 107–140.
Nishida, T., 1966. A sociological study of solitary male monkeys.Primates, 7: 141–204.
Oki, J. &Y. Maeda, 1973. Grooming as a regulator of behavior in Japanese macaques. In:Behavioral Regulator of Behavior in Primates,C. R. Carpenter (ed.), Bucknell Univ. Press, Lewisburg, pp. 149–163.
Seyfarth, R. M., 1980. The distribution of grooming and related behaviours among adult female vervet monkeys.Anim. Behav., 28: 798–813.
Silk, J. B., 1982. Altruism among femaleMacaca radiata: explanations and analysis of patterns of grooming and coalition formation.Behaviour, 79: 162–188.
Sparks, J., 1967. Allogrooming in primates: a review. In:Primate Ethology,D. Morris (ed.), Weidenfeld & Nicholson, London, pp. 148–175.
Takahata, Y., 1982. Social relations between adult males and females of Japanese monkeys in the Arashiyama B troop.Primates, 23: 1–23.
Yamada, M., 1963. A study of blood-relationship in the natural society of Japanese macaque.Primates, 4(3): 43–65.
Yamagiwa, J., 1985. Socio-sexual factors of troop fission in wild Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata yakui) on Yakushima Island, Japan.Primates, 26: 105–120.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Tsukahara, T. Initiation and solicitation in male-female grooming in a wild Japanese macaque troop on yakushima island. Primates 31, 147–156 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380937
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380937