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Coupling of resorption and formation on bone remodeling sequence in orthodontic tooth movement: A histochemical study

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Abstract

Rat's molars were submitted to orthodontic tooth movement. Bone formation areas were detected using lead-labeling technique. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts were detected by enzyme histochemistry using Tartrate resistant Acid phosphatase (TRACPase) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) to determine simultaneously and mark the 2 types of cells on a same section. The sites selected for study were pressure/distal, tension/mesial and transitional areas of second molars. The results showed that: orthodontic force activated bone remodeling sequence throughout the alveolar bone; slight new bone formation was observed on the cement line on the pressure side. ALPase-positive cells were detected on the pressure side neighboring osteoclasts. On the tension side, bone formation was enhanced in the protrusions whereas both resorption and formation were observed in the depressions. In the transitional area, cellular sequence from osteoclastic bone resorption to bone formation was revealed over the cement line. These findings demonstrated that: coupling phenomena occur on the pressure side but with inhibited osteoblast activity. Bone formation on the tension side involves both promotion of bone formation by the traction force; bone remodeling sequence is established on the tension side by the interaction between osteoclastic bone resorption and bone formation that takes place in the depressions; Coupling phenomena occur in the transitional area as well. Our findings on the pressure side led to the consideration that osteoblastic cells in periodontal ligament would be involved in the regulation of osteoclastic bone resorption.

Thus, there appears to be an interaction between osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells and an activated bone remodeling sequence involving the coupling phenomena as a mechanical adaptation to orthodontic force.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, 951, Niigata, Japan

    Tamaki Mohri D.D.S. & Kooji Hanada

  2. 1st. Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Hidehiro Ozawa

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  1. Tamaki Mohri D.D.S.
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  2. Kooji Hanada
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  3. Hidehiro Ozawa
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Mohri, T., Hanada, K. & Ozawa, H. Coupling of resorption and formation on bone remodeling sequence in orthodontic tooth movement: A histochemical study. J Bone Miner Metab 9, 57–69 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02377987

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