Abstract
AdultGlossina morsitans morsitans exposed to wet conidia ofBeauveria bassiana andMetarhizium anisopliae suffered high mortalities ranging from 90 to 100% by 2 weeks post-exposure. Infected ♂ ♂ maintained in the same cages with non-infected ♀♀ throughout the experimental period transmitted the fungal infection to the ♀♀ resulting in mortalities of 65% withB. bassiana and 55% withM. anisopliae. Likewise, infected ♀♀ maintained together with non-infected ♂♂ transmitted the infection to the ♂♂ resulting in mortalities of 75% withB. bassiana and 45% withM. anisopliae. Female tsetse flies infected withB. bassiana andM. anisopliae and maintained in the same cages with non-infected ♀♀ also transmitted infection to the non-infected tsetse resulting in mortalities of 62% and 48% withB. bassiana andM. anisopliae respectively. Infected tsetse exposed to non-infected tsetse of the opposite sex for only 30 min were also able to transmit the fungal infection. Pupae produced by female tsetse infected withB. bassiana andM. anisopliae exhibited higher pupal mortality than those produced by non-infected ♀♀. However, pupae exposed directly to dry spores ofB. bassiana andM. anisopliae had no increase in pupal mortality but adults emerging from theB. bassiana-exposed pupae had markedly reduced longevity.
Résumé
Les mouches tsé-tsé adultes (Glossina m. morsitans), exposées aux spores humides deBeauveria bassiana et deMetarhizium anisopliae ont souffert d'une mortalité élevée se rangeant entre 90 et 100%, 2 semaines après l'exposition. Les ♂♂ infestés et gardés tout au long de la période d'expérimentation dans les mêmes cages avec les ♀♀ non infestées ont transmis l'infection, avec des mortalités de 65% avecB. bassiana et 55% avecM. anisopliae.
D'un autre côté, les ♀♀ infestées maintenues ensemble avec les ♂♂ non infestés ont transmis l'infection aux ♂♂, les mortalités atteignant 75% avecB. bassiana et 45% avecM. anisopliae. Les ♀♀ de la mouche tsé-tsé infestées avecB. bassiana etM. anisopliae et maintenues dans les mêmes cages avec les ♀♀ non infestées ont aussi transmis l'infection aux mouches non infestées, les mortalités atteignant 62% avecB. bassiana et 48% avecM. anisopliae. Les mouches tsé-tsé infestées et exposées aux non-infestées de sexe opposé pendant 30 m seulement ont, elles aussi été capables de transmettre l'infection.
Les pupes produites par des mouches tsé-tsé ♀♀ infestées avecB. bassiana etM. anisopliae ont manifesté une mortalité pupale élevée par rapport à celles produites par les ♀♀ non infestées. Cependant, les pupes exposées directement aux conidies sèches deB. bassiana etM. anisopliae n'ont pas présenté une augmentation de mortalité pupale. Par contre, les adultes émergeant des pupes exposées àB. bassiana ont démontré une longévité remarquablement réduite.
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Kaaya, G.P., Okech, M.A. Horizontal transmission of mycotic infection in adult tsetse,Glossina morsitans morsitans . Entomophaga 35, 589–600 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02375093
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02375093