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Laboratory biology and host range ofHydrellia balciunasi [Diptera: Ephydridae]

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Abstract

Hydrellia balciunasi Bock, a native of Australia, was evaluated in quarantine in Florida, USA, for its potential as a biocontrol agent of the submersed aquatic weed,Hydrilla verticillata (L.f) Royle. Larvae are leafminers. Mean total development time at 27°C was 22.8 days. Mean duration of the egg stage was 3.0 days, larval was 11.5 days, and puparial was 8.3 days. Mean fecundity was 35.5 eggs. Mean female longevity was 19.7 days, and mean male longevity was 15.6 days. The sex ratio was 1.1∶1 (male: female). Fourteen plant species closely related to hydrilla in 4 families plus rice were tested in no-choice larval development tests and an additional 27 plant species in 16 families were tested in multi-choice tests. Larvae mined in 2 test plant species,Potamogeton pusillus L. andP. crispus L., but developed (1%) only on the introduced weedP. crispus L. Females oviposited on most test plants. Permission to release this fly in the United States was received from federal and state (Florida) officials, and it was released from quarantine on 24 May 1989.

Résumé

Hydrellia balciunasi, originaire d'Australie, a été évaluée en quarantaine en Floride, pour déterminer ses potentialités comme agent de lutte biologique contre la mauvaise herbe aquatique,Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle. Les larves sont des mineuses des feuilles. La durée moyenne de développement de cette mouche était de 22,8 jours à une température de 27°C. La durée moyenne du stade œuf était de 3,0 jours. Le stade larvaire comptait en moyenne 11,5 jours et celui des pupes 8,3 jours. La fécondité moyenne était de 35,5 œufs. La moyenne de longévité de la femelle et du mâle était respectivement de 19,7 et de 15,6 jours. Le rapport mâle: femelle était 1.1∶1. En plus du riz, 14 espèces de plantes proches d'Hydrilla et appartenant à 4 familles ont été testées dans des essais de développement larvaire sans choix. En outre, 27 espèces de plantes appartenant à 16 familles étaient testées en essais de choix multiples. Les larves minaient seulement 2 espèces dePotamogeton et se développaient (1%) seulement surP. crispus L. qui est une mauvaise herbe introduite. Les femelles pondaient des œufs sur la majorité des plantes testées. L'autorisation de libérer cette mouche aux États-Unis a été obtenue du Gouvernement fédéral et de celui de l'État de Floride. La mouche fut libérée à partir de la quarantaine, le 24 mai 1989.

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Buckingham, G.R., Okrah, E.A. & Christian-Meier, M. Laboratory biology and host range ofHydrellia balciunasi [Diptera: Ephydridae]. Entomophaga 36, 575–586 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374440

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