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Circulating thyroid and gastric parietal cell autoantibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with complex abnormalities of immunore-gulation and a role of autoimmunity in its pathogenesis has been accepted. MS is reportedly associated with several autoimmune diseases, but few studies are available on the prevalence of organ-specific autoantibodies in this condition. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of anti-thyroglobulin (TgAb), anti-thyroid microsomal (MAb) and gastric parietal cell (PCA) antibodies in 113 patients (63 females, 50 males, age ranging 15–62 years) with MS and in 51 neurological controls. The diagnosis of MS was made according to McDonald and Halliday criteria. TgAb and/or MAb were detected by passive hemagglutination in 19 (16.8%) patients with MS and in 3 (5.9%) of the controls. All positive TgAb and/or MAb were observed in MS females (19/63=30.1%), with significantly higher frequency than in female controls (X2=5.15, p<0.025). The presence of circulating thyroid antibodies was higher in patients with clinically definite or progressive probable MS and in those with long standing disease. In contrast with thyroid antibodies, no difference in the frequency of PCA, as assessed by radioimmunoassay, was observed between MS and controls. These data support a specific association between thyroid autoimmunity and MS. The appearance of thyroid autoimmune phenomena seems to be related to the reliability of the diagnosis of MS and the duration of the disease.

Sommario

La Sclerosi Multipla (MS) è associata a complesse alterazioni della immunoregolazione e nella sua patogenesi è stato accettato l'intervento di meccanismi autoimmunitari. Sono state anche riportate associazioni tra MS e numerose malattie autoimmuni, ma pochi sono i dati relativi alla presenza di autoanticorpi organospecifici nella MS. Con questo studio è stata verificata l'incidenza di anticorpi anti-Tireoglobulina (TgAb), anti-microsomi di tiroide (MAb) e anti-cellule parietali gastriche (PCA) in 113 casi con MS (63 femmine e 50 maschi, di età compresa fra 15 e 62 anni) e in 51 controlli neurologici. I criteri per la diagnosi di MS erano quelli di McDonald e Halliday. Con la metodica dell'emoagglutinazione passiva sono stati rilevati TgAb e/o MAb in 19 (16.8%) pazienti con MS e in 3 (5.9%) controlli. Tutte le positività anticorpali sono state osservate nei soggetti con MS di sesso femminile (19/63=30.1%), con un'incidenza significativamente maggiore rispetto ai soggetti di controllo di sesso femminile (X2=5.15; p<0.025). Gli anticorpi antitiroide circolanti sono stati rilevati con maggior frequenza nei pazienti con MS clinicamente definita o progressiva probabile, e in quelli con maggiore durata di malattia. Nessuna differenza tra i casi di MS e i controlli è stata osservata per l'incidenza di PCA, dosati con metodica RIA. Questi dati confermano una specifica associazione tra autoimmunità tiroidea e MS. La comparsa di fenomeni autoimmuni tiroidei sembra in relazione con il grado di certezza diagnostica della MS e con la durata di malattia.

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Ioppoli, C., Meucci, G., Mariotti, S. et al. Circulating thyroid and gastric parietal cell autoantibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis. Ital J Neuro Sci 11, 31–36 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02334902

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