Abstract
A photoelastic study was conducted to examine the stress fields in the cutting process of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs). Force measurements were made and used in the analysis of the stress fields. Machined surfaces of workpieces with fibers oriented away from the cutting direction showed that the fibers were machined by shearing and tensile fracture; and when fibers were inclined towards the cutting tool, the fibers failed by shearing and bending. In addition, fiber-matrix debonding was observed to be maximum for fibers oriented at 45 deg towards the tool's path. Fiber orientation was shown to have an influence on the machining forces and stresses.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wang, D.H., Machining Characteristics of Graphite/Epoxy Composites, PhD Diss., Univ. of Washington (May 1993).
Sakuma, K., andSeto, M., “Tool Wear in Cutting Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (The Relation between Fiber Orientation and Tool Wear),”Bul. JSME,26 (218),1420–1427 (1983).
Wang, D.H. Ramulu, M., andWern, C.W., “Orthogonal Cutting Characteristics of Graphite/Epoxy Compsoite Material,”Trans. NAMRI/SME,20,159–165 (1992).
Ramulu, M., Wern, C.W., andGarbini, J.L., “Effect of Fiber Direction on Surface Roughness Measurements of Machined Graphite/Epoxy Composite,”Comp. Manuf.,4 (1),39–53 (1993).
Ahmad, M.M., Derricott, R.T., andDraper, W.A., “A Photoelastic Analysis of the Stresses in Double Rake Cutting Tools,”Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf.,29 (2),185–195 (1989).
Bagchi, A., andWright, P.K., “Stress Analysis in Machining with the Use of Sapphire Tools,”Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond.,A409,99–113 (1987).
Barrow, G., Graham, W., Kurimoto, T., andLeong, Y.F., “Determination of Rake Face Stress Distribution in Orthogonal Machining,”Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res.,22 (1),75–85 (1982).
Coker, E.G., and Chakko, K.C., “An Account of Some Experiments on the Action of Cutting Tools,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., 567–621 (1922).
Ramalingam, S., andLehn, L.L., “A Photoelastic Study of Stress Distribution During Orthogonal Cutting Part 1: Workpiece Stress Distribution,”J. Eng. Ind.,93,527–537 (1971).
Ramalingam, S., “A Photoelastic Study of Stress Distribution During Orthogonal Cutting Part 2: Photoplasticity Observations,”J. Eng. Ind.,93,538–544 (1971).
Shukla, A., andKhanna, S.K., “Effect of Fiber-Matrix Interface on Toughening Mechanisms During Dynamic Fracture of Fiber Reinforced Materials,” Experiments in Micromechanics of Failure Resistant Materials, ASME, AMD 130,91–103 (1991).
Kobayashi, A., Machining of Plastics, McGraw-Hill, Inc. (1967).
Wang, D.H., Ramulu, M., and Arola, D., “Orthogonal Cutting Mechanisms of Graphite/Epoxy Composite Part I: Unidirectional Laminate,” to be published in Int. J. Mach. Tools and Manuf.
Wern, C.W., and Ramulu, M., “Stresses in the Orthogonal Cutting of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics,” Proc. 1995 SEM Spring Conf. on Exp. Mech. (1995).
Inoue, H., and Ido, M., “Study on the Cutting Mechanism of GFRP,” Proc. Int. Symp. Comp. Mat. and Struct., Beijing, China, Technomic Pub., 1110–1115 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wern, C.W., Ramulu, M. & Shukla, A. Investigation of stresses in he orthogonal cutting of fiber-reinforced plastics. Experimental Mechanics 36, 33–41 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02328695
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02328695