Abstract
During the period 1985–1990,Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from 97 patients with systemic pneumococcal disease in Northern Norway. Systemic disease occurred most frequently in the age groups 0–4 years and > 60 years. An increasing incidence was observed, especially among children less than five years old. Serotypes covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine were found in 86 of 97 (88.7 %) isolates. The vaccine did not cover 16.7 % of the systemic isolates from children less than five years old. Reduced sensitivity to penicillin was found in one isolate (1.0 %) which was resistant to ampicillin, doxycycline and chloramphenicol. The E-test and the Rosco agar diffusion test differed in sensitivity to penicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Three serotype 12F strains showed unusual cross-resistance to chloramphenicol and erythromycin.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bruyn GAW, van der Meer JWM, Hermans J, Knoppert W: Pneumococcal bacteremia in adults over a 10-year period at University Hospital Leiden. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1988, 2: 446–450.
Douglas RM, Paton JC, Duncan SJ, Hansman DJ: Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccination in children younger than five years of age. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1983, 148: 131–137.
Wara DW: Host defence againstStreptococcus pneumoniae: the role of the spleen. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1981, 3: 299–309.
Malagoni MA, Dillon LD, Klamer TW, Condon RE: Factors influencing the risk of early and late serious infection in adults after splenectomy for trauma. Surgery 1989, 96: 775–783.
Reinert RR, Bussing A, Kierdorf H, Kuhnemund O, Kaufhold A: Recurrent systemic pneumococcal infection in an immunocompromized patient. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1994, 13: 304–307.
Robbins JB, Austrian R, Lee C-J, Rastogi SC, Schiffman G, Henrichsen J, Makela PH, Broome CV, Facklam RR, Tiesjema RH, Parke Jr. JC: Considerations for formulating the second-generation pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine with emphasis on the cross-reactive types within groups. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1983, 148: 1136–1159.
Baker CN, Stocker SA: Comparison of the E-test to agar dilution, broth microdilution, and agar diffusion susceptibility testing techniques. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1991, 29: 533–538.
Gransden WR, Eykyn SJ, Phillips I: Pneumococcal bacteremia: 325 episodes diagnosed at St. Thomas's Hospital. British Medical Journal 1985, 290: 505–508.
Gray BM, Dillon HC: Clinical and epidemiologic studies of pneumococcal infection in children. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 1986, 5: 201–207.
Davidson M, Parkinson AJ, Bulkow LR, Fitzgerald MA, Peters HV, Parks DJ: The epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in Alaska, 1986–1990 — Ethnic differences and opportunities for prevention. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994, 170: 368–376.
Smart LE, Dougall AJ, Girdwood RWA: New 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in relation to pneumococcal serotypes in systemic and non-systemic of Infection 1987, 14: 205–209.
Vinter-Nielsen S, Henrichsen J: Capsular types and susceptibility to penicillin of pneumococci isolated from cerebrospinal fluid or blood in Denmark, 1983–1988. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1993, 25: 165–170.
Parkinson AJ, Davidson M, Fitzgerald MA, Bulkow LR, Parks DJ: Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniae: Alaska 1986–1990. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994, 170: 461–464.
Austrian R: Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. Review of Infectious Diseases 1989, 11: 598–602.
Paton JC, Togood IR, Cockington RA, Hansman D: Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccine in children aged 5–15 years. American Journal of Diseases in Children 1986, 140: 135–138.
Steinhoff MC: Developing and deploying pneumococcal and haemophilus vaccines. Lancet 1993, 342: 630–631.
Allen KD: Penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Journal of Hospital Infections 1991, 17: 3–13.
Handwerger S, Tomasz A: Alternations in penicillinbinding proteins of clinical and laboratory isolates of pathogenicStreptococcus pneumoniae with low levels of penicillin resistance. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1986, 153: 83–89.
Kristinsson KG, Hjalmarsdottir MÅ, Steingrimsson O: Increasing penicillin resistance in pneumococci in Iceland. Lancet 1992, 339: 1606–1607.
Ekdahl K, Kamme C: Increasing resistance to penicillin inStreptococcus pneumoniae in Southern Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994, 26: 301–305.
Halloway Y, Schiphuis J, Kooistra-Smid M, Snijder JAM, Appelbaum PC, Spangler SK: Multiply resistant pneumococci in the Netherlands. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1994, 13: 322–323.
Klugman KP, Coffey TJ, Smith A, Wasas A, Meyers M, Spratt BG: Cluster of erythromycin-resistant variant of the Spanish multiply resistant 23F clone ofStreptococcus pneumoniae in South Africa. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1994, 13: 171–174.
Sessegolo JF, Levin AS, Levy CE, Asensi M, Facklam RR, Teixeria LM: Distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance ofStreptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in Brazil from 1988 to 1992. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1994, 32: 906–911.
Jones RN, Erwin ME, Bale M: New insights into the activity of third-generation cephalosporins against pneumonia-causing bacteria. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 1992, 15: 73–80.
Bradley JS, Connor JD: Ceftriaxone failure in meningitis caused byStreptococcus pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 1991, 10: 871–873.
Kalager T, Andersen BM, Bergan T, Brubakk O, Bruun JN, Døskeland B, Hellum KB, Hopen G, van der Lippe E, Rahm V, Ritland S, Schreiner A: Ciprofloxacin versus tobramycin/cefuroxime combination in the treatment of serious systemic infections. A prospective, randomized and controlled study of efficacy and safety. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992, 24: 637–646.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Magnus, T., Andersen, B.M. Serotypes and resistance patterns ofStreptococcus pneumoniae causing systemic disease in northern norway. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 14, 229–234 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310362
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310362