Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hodgkin's disease and anaplastic large cell lymphoma revisited

1. Unique cytokine and cytokine receptor profile distinguished from that of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Biomedical Science

Abstract

In cultures, and in tissues as well, Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) cells are known to express a variety of cytokines, including IL-1, -5, -6, -8, -9, TNF-α, GM-CSF, M-CSF, TGF-β, CD70, CD80, and CD86. Various numbers of H-RS/ALCL cells may express cytokine receptors (R), such as CD30, CD40, IL-2R (CD25/CD122), IL-6R (CD126), IL-7R (CD127), TNF-R (CD120), TGF-β-R (CD105/endoglin), M-CSF-R (CD115), and SCF-R (CD117/c-kit receptor). All of these cytokines and cytokine receptors are implicated in the growth regulation of H-RS/ALCL cells, the histopathologic alterations in tissues, and the clinical manifestations in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) or ALCL. Many of these cytokines or cytokine receptors also play an important role in the pathogenesis of other types of lymphomas. In this review, we describe the cytokine or cytokine-receptor expression that is diacritic for H-RS/ALCL cells. The identification of such unique cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions is likely to explain the biologic property that distinguishes HD/ALCL from other types of lymphomas. These interactions include those of CD30L-CD30, CD40L-CD40, CD70-CD27, CD80/CD86-CD28, SCF-CD117, IL-9-IL9R, and IL-7-IL-7R. The H-RS/ALCL cells express IL-9 and two cytokine receptors, CD30 and CD117, which are observed infrequently in NHLs. Although IL-7 expression is not restricted to H-RS/ALCL cells, the expression of IL-7 in conjunction with IL-9 and/or CD117 may be regarded as unique for HD/ALCL because of an unusual combination and a synergistic activity among these cytokines. The expression of CD70 and CD80/CD86 (as cytokines) may exert a unique effect in HD because of intimate contact between H-RS cells and CD27/CD28-positive T cells. The expression of these costimulators (CD70 and CD80/CD86) and other adhesion/constimulator molecules such as CD54 and CD58, along with the secretion of soluble cytokines such as Il-1, IL-6, IL-7, or TNFs by H-RS/ALCL cells, could result in the profound T-cell proliferation often seen in lymph nodes involved by HD and some ALCL. On the other hand, the expression of CD30L and CD40L by surrounding T cells may affect the proliferation of H-RS/ALCL cells. The cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction between H-RS cells and T cells via direct cell-cell contact is bidirectional, a situation not commonly seen in NHLs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Anderson DM, Lyman SD, Baird A, Wignall JM, Esenman J, Rauch C, March CJ, Boswell HS, Gimpel SD, Cosman D, Williams DE. Molecular cloning of mast cell growth factor, a hematopoietin that is active in both membrane bound and soluble forms. Cell 63:235–243;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Andre C, Martin E, Cornu F, Hu WX, Wang XP, Galibert F. Genomic organization of the human c-kit gene. Evolution of the receptor tyrosine kinase subclass III. Oncogene 7:685–691;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Andreesen R, Osterholz J, Lohr GW, Bross KJ. An Hodgkin cell specific antigen is expressed on a subset of auto- and alloactivated T (helper) lymphoblasts. Blood 63:1299–1302;1984.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Appasamy PM. IL-7 induced T cell receptor-γ gene expression by pre-T cells in murine fetal liver cultures. J Immunol 149:1649–1656;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Armitage RJ, Fanslow WC, Strockbine L, Seto TA, Clifford KM, Macduff BM, Anderson DM, Gimpel SD, Davis-Smith T, Maliszewski CR, et al. Molecular and biological characterization of a murine ligand for CD40. Nature 357:80–82;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Armitage RJ, Macduff BM, Ziegler SF, Grabstein KH. Multiple cytokine secretion by IL-7-stimulated human T cells. Cytokine 4:461–469;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Armstrong AA, Krajewski AS, Jones DB, Wilkins BS, Onions DE, Jarrett RF. Expression of the EBV latent gene product LMP-1 in Hodgkin's disease (abstract). Second Int Symp Hodgkin's Disease, Cologne, 21;1991.

  8. Azuma M, Ito D, Yagita H, Okumura K, Philips JH, Lanier LL, Somoza C. B70 antigen is a second ligand for CTLA-4 and CD28. Nature 336:76–79;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Azuma M, Yssel H, Phillips JH, Spits H, Lanier LL. Functional expression of B7/BBI on activated T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 177:845–850;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Banchereau J, Rousset F. Human B lymphocytes: property, proliferation, and differentiation. Adv Immunol 52:135–262;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bargou RC, Mapara MY, Zugck C, Daniel PT, Pawlita M, Dohner H, Dorken B. Characterization of a novel Hodgkin cell line, HD-Myz, with myelomonocytic features mimicking Hodgkin's disease in severe combined immunodeficient mice. J Exp Med 177:1257–1268;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bitter MA, Franklin WA, Larson RA, McKeithan TW, Rubin CM, Le Beau MM, Stephens JK, Vardiman JW. Morphology in Ki-1(CD30)-positive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is correlated with clinical features and the presence of a unique chromosomal abnormality, t(2;5)(p23;q35). Am J Surg Pathol 14:305–316;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bowen MA, Olsen KJ, Cheng L, Avila D, Podack ER. Functional effects of CD30 on a large granular lymphoma cell line, YT. Inhibition of cytotoxicity, regulation of CD28 and IL-2R, and induction of homotypic aggregation. J Immunol 151:5896–5906;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Broxmeyer HE, Maze R, Miyazawa K, Carow C, Hendrie PC, Coopers S, Hangoc G, Vadhan-Ray S, Lu L. The kit receptor and its ligand, steel factor, as regulators of hemopoiesis. Cancer Cells 3:480–487;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Burke JS. Hodgkin's disease: Histopathology and differential diagnosis. In: Knowels DM, ed. Neoplastic Hematopathology. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 497–533;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Cairo MS, Buzby J, Suen Y, Yancik S, Lyman S, Knoppel E, van de Ven C. A comparison of circulating steel factor (SLF) levels and expression in human newborn and adult mononuclear and endothelial cells. Exp Hematol 20:737–745;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Camerini D, Walz G, Loenen WAM, Borst J, Seed B. The T cell activation antigen CD27 is a member of the nerve growth factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor gene family. J Immunol 147:3165–3169;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Caux C, Massacrier C, Vanbervliet B, Dubois B, van Kooten C, Durand I, Banchereau J. Activation of human dendritic cells through CD40 cross-linking. J Exp Med 180:1263–1272;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Caux C, Vanbervliet B, Massacrier C, Azuma M, Okumura K, Lanier LL, Banchereau J. B70/B7-2 is identical to CD86 and is the major functional ligand for CD28 expressed on human dendritic cells. J Exp Med 180:1841–1848;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Clark E. CD40 — A cytokine receptor in search of a ligand. Tissue Antigens 36:33–36;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Costello R, Brailly H, Mallet F, Mawas C, Olive D. Interleukin-7 is a potent co-stimulus of the adhesion pathway involving CD2 and CD28 molecules. Immunol 80:451–457;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Damle NK, Klussman K, Leytze G, Myrdal S, Aruffo A, Ledbetter JA, Linsley PS. Costimulation of T lymphocytes with integrin ligands intracellular adhesion molecule-1 or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 induces functional expression of CTLA-4; a second receptor for B7. J Immunol 152:2686–2697;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Delabie J, Ceuppens JL, Vandenberghe P, de Boer M, Coorevits L, De Wolf-Peeters C. The B7/BB1 antigen is expressed by Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and contributes to the stimulating capacity of Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines. Blood 82:2845–2852;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Denning D, O'Reilly RJ. IL-7 induces surface expression of B7/BB1 on pre-B cells and an associated increase in their costimulatory effects on T cell proliferation. Cell Immunol 153:227–238;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Diehl V, Burrichter H, Schaadt M, Kirchner HH, Fonatsch C, Stein H, Gerdes J, Heit W, Ziegler A. Hodgkin's cell lines: Characteristics and possible pathogenetic implications. Hematol Oncol 1:139–147;1983.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Diehl V, Pfreundschuh M, Fonatsch C, Stein H, Falk M, Burrichter H, Schaadt M. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Hodgkin's disease derived cell lines: histopathological and clinical implications. Cancer Surv 4:399–419;1985.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Dürkop H, Latza U, Hummel M, Eitelbach F, Seed B, Stein H. Molecular cloning and expression of a new member of the nerve growth factor receptor family that is characteristic for Hodgkin's disease. Cell 68:421–427;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Feller AC, Merz H. Cytokines and malignant lymphomas. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 76:70–80;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Fisher RI. Implications of persistent T cell abnormalities for the etiology of Hodgkin's disease. Cancer Treat Rep 66:681–687;1982.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Fisher RI, Bostick-Burton F, Sauder DN, Scala G, Diehl V. Neoplastic cells obtained from Hodgkin's disease are potent stimulators of human primary mixed lymphocyte cultures. J Immunol 130:2666–2670;1983.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Fisher RI, Cossman J, Diehl V, Volkman DJ. Antigen presentation by Hodgkin's disease cells. J Immunol 135:3568–3571;1985.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Fonatsch C, Diehl V, Schaadt M, Burrichter H, Dirchner HH. Cytogenetic investigations in Hodgkin's disease. I. Involvement of specific chromosomes in marker formation. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 20:39–52;1986.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Fonatsch C, Latza U, Durkop H, Rieder H, Stein H. Assignment of the human CD30 (Ki-1) gene to 1p36. Genomics 14:825–826;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Freedman AS. Expression and function of adhesion receptors on normal B cells and B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Semin Hematol 30:318–328;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Freedman AS, Freeman GJ, Rhynhan K, Nadler LM. Selective induction of B7/BBI on interferon-γ stimulated monocytes: A potential mechanism for amplification of T cell activation through the CD28 pathway. Cell Immunol 137:429–437;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Freeman GJ, Freedman AS, Segil JM, Lee G, Whitman JF, Nadler LM. B7, a new member of the Ig superfamily with unique expression on activated and neoplastic B cells. J Immunol 143:2714–2722;1989.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Freeman GJ, Gribben JG, Boussiotis VA, Ng JW, Restivo VA Jr, Lombard LA, Gray GS, Nadler LM. Cloning of B7-2: a CTLA-4 counter-receptor that costimulates human T cell proliferation. Science 262:909–911;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Freudenthal PS, Steinman RM. The distinct surface of human blood dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:7698–7703;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Funakoshi S, Longo DL, Beckwith M, Conley DK, Tsarfaty G, Tsarfaty I, Armitage RJ, Fanslow WC, Spriggs MK, Murphy WJ. Inhibition of human B-cell lymphoma growth by CD40 stimulation. Blood 83:2787–2794;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Funk PE, Varas A, Witte PL. Activity of stem cell factor and IL-7 in combination on normal bone marrow B lineage cells. J Immunol 150:748–752;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Gause A, Pohl C, Tschiersch A, Da Costa L, Jung W, Diehl V, Hasenclever D, Pfreundschuh M. Clinical significance of soluble CD30 antigen in the sera of patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease. Blood 77:1983–1988;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Gimmi CD, Freeman GJ, Gribben JG, Sugita K, Freedman AS, Morimoto C, Nadler LM. B-cell surface antigen B7 provides a costimulatory signal that induces T cells to proliferate and secrete Il-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:6575–6579;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Gruss H-J, Armitage RJ, Williams DE, Dower SK. CD30L and CD40L share similar biological properties for Hodgkin's disease. Blood 84:160a;1994.

  44. Gruss H-J, Brach MA, Drexler HG, Bonifer R, Mertelsmann RH, Herrmann F. Expression of cytokine genes, cytokine receptor genes, and transcription factors in cultured Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Cancer Res 52:3353–3360;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Gruss H-J, Brach MA, Drexler G, Bross KJ, Herrmann F. Interleukin 9 is expressed by primary and cultured Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Cancer Res 52:1026–1031;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Gruss H-J, Hirschstein D, Wright B, Ulrich D, Caligiuri MA, Barcos M, Strockbine L, Armitage RJ, Dower SK. Expression and function of CD40 on Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and the possible relevance for Hodgkin's disease. Blood 84:2305–2314;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Guinan EC, Gribben JG, Boussiotis VA, Freeman GJ, Nadler LM. Pivital role of B7:CD28 pathway in transplantation tolerance and tumor immunity. Blood 84:3261–3283;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Hecht TT, Longo DL, Cossman J, Bolen JB, Hsu SM, Israel M, Fisher RI. Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody that binds Reed-Sternberg cells. J Immunol 134:4231–4236;1985.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Heller RA, Song K, Onasch M, Fischer WH, Chang D, Ringold GM. Complementary DNA cloning of a receptor for tumor necrosis factor and demonstration of a shed form of the receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:6151–6155;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Hintzen RQ, de Jong R, Lens SM, Brouwer M, Baars P, van Lier RA. Regulation of CD27 expression on subsets of mature T-lymphocytes. J Immunol 151:2426–2435;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Hintzen RQ, de Jong R, Lens SMA, van Lier RAW. CD27, marker and mediator of T-cell activation? Immunol Today 15:307–311;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Holbrook ST, Ohls RK, Schibler KR, Yang Y-C, Christensen RD. Effect of interleukin-9 on clonogenic maturation and cell-cycle status of fetal and adult hematopoietic progenitors. Blood 77:2129–2134;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Holder MJ, Wang H, Milner AE, Casamayor M, Armitage RJ, Spriggs MK, Fanslow WC, MacLennan IC, Gregory CD, Gordon J, et al. Suppression of apoptosis in normal and neoplastic human B lymphocytes by CD40 ligand is independent of bcl-2 induction. Eur J Immunol 23:2386–2371;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Hsu SM, Hsu PL. The lymphocyte functional antigens stabilize the agglutination between Reed-Sternberg cells and T cells, but are not responsible for the homotypic binding of H-RS cells. Am J Pathol 137:563–574;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Hsu SM, Hsu PL. Autocrine and paracrine functions of cytokines in malignant lymphomas. Biomed Pharmacother 48:433–444;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Hsu SM, Waldron JA Jr, Hsu PL, Hough AJ Jr. Cytokines in malignant lymphomas: A review and prospective evaluation. Hum Pathol 24:1040–1057;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Hu ZB, Ma W, Uphoff CC, Quentmeier H, Drexler HG. c-Kit expression in human leukemia cell lines. Blood 83:2133–2144;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Inaba K, Witmer-Pack M, Inaba M, Hathcock KS, Sakuta H, Azuma M, Yagita H, Okumura K, Sakuta H, Azuma M, Yagita H, Okumura K, Linsley PS, Ikehara S, Muramatsu S, Hodes RJ, Steiman RM. The tissue distribution of the B7-2 costimulator factor in mice: abundant expression on dendritic cells in situ and during maturation in vitro. J Exp Med 180:1849–1860;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Itoh N, Yonehara S, Ishii A, Yonehara M, Mizushima S, Sameshima M, Hase A, Set Y, Nagata S. The polypeptide encoded by the cDNA for human cell surface antigen Fas can mediate apoptosis. Cell 66:233–243:1991.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Jarrett RF, Armstrong A, Wilkins BS, Jones DB. Immunohistochemical determination of CD23 expression in Hodgkin's disease using paraffin sections. J Pathol 164:345–346;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Josimovic-Alasevic O, Dürkop H, Schwarting R, Backé E, Stein H, Diamantstein T. Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is released by Ki-1-positive tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. I. Partial characterization of soluble Ki-1 antigen and detection of the antigen in cell culture supernatants and in serum by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Eur J Immunol 19:157–162;1989.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Kadin ME. The spectrum of Ki-1 + cutaneous lymphomas. In: van Vloten WA, Willemze R, Vejlsgaard GL, et al, eds. Current Problems in Dermatology, vol 19. Cutaneous Lymphoma. Basel, Karger, 132;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kadin ME, Cavaille-Coll M. Transforming growth factor-beta mediates regression of skin lesions in lymphomatoid papulosis and Ki-1 + cutaneous lymphomas (abstract). Lab Invest 65:75A;1991.

  64. Kadin ME, Cheifitz S, Massague J, et al. Tumor progression in a CD30+ cutaneous T cell lymphoma correlates with loss of type I and II receptors for growth inhibition by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) (abstract). Lab Invest 66:107A;1992.

  65. Kelleher K, Bean D, Clark SC, Leung W-Y, Yang-Feng TL, Chen JW, Lin P-F, Luo W, Yang Y-C. Human interleukin-9: Genomic sequence, chromosomal location, and sequences essential for its expression in human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-I-transformed human T cells. Blood 77:1436–1441;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Kohno T, Brewer MT, Baker SL, Schwartz PE, King MW, Hale KK, Squires CH, Thompson RC, Vannice JL. A second tumor necrosis factor receptor gene product can shed a naturally occurring tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:8331–8335;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Kremer JP, Reisbach G, Nerl C, Dormer P. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells express and release transforming growth factor β. Br J Hematol 80:480–487;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Kubin M, Kamoun M, Trinchieri G. Interleukin 12 synergizes with B7/CD28 interaction in inducing efficient proliferation and cytokine production of human T cells. J Exp Med 180:211–222;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Le Beau MM. Deletions of chromosome 5 in malignant myeloid disorders. Cancer Surv 15:143–159;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Leca G, Vita N, Maiza H, Fasseu M, Bensussan A. A monoclonal antibody to the Hodgkin's disease-associated antigen CD30 induces activation and long-term growth of human autoreactive γδ T cell clone. Cell Immunol 156:230–239;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Lemoli RM, Fogli M, Fortuna A, Amabile M, Bonsi L, Gamberi B, Martinelli G, Ferrari S, Gagnara GP, Tura S. Expression and stimulatory activity of interleukin-9 (IL-9) in human myeloid cells. Blood 84:53a;1994.

  72. Lemoli RM, Fortuna A, Gogli M, Motta MR, Rizzi S, Benini C, Tura S. Stem cell factor (c-kit ligand) enhances the interleukin-9 dependent proliferation of human CD34+ and CD34+CD33-DR- cells. Exp Hematol 22:919–923;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Lenz A, Heine M, Schuler G, Romani N. Human and murine dermis contain dentritic cells. Isolation by means of a novel method and phenotypical and functional characterization. J Clin Invest 92:2587–2596;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Knapp W, ed. Leukocyte Typing IV (Vienna): White Cell Differentiation Antigens. London, Oxford University Press, 425;1989.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Linsley PS, Brady W, Grosmaire L, Aruffo A, Damle NK, Ledbetter J. Binding of the B cell activation antigen B7 to CD28 costimulates T cell proliferation and interleukin 2 mRNA accumulation. J Exp Med 173:721–730;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Loetscher H, Pan YC, Lahm H-W, Gentz R, Brockhaus M, Tabuchi H, Lesslauer W. Molecular cloning and expression of the human 55 kD tumor necrosis factor receptor. Cell 61:351–359;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Lotz M, Ranheim E, Kipps TJ. Transforming factor β as endogenous growth inhibitor of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. J Exp Med 179:999–1004;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Macon WR, Williams ME, Greer JP, et al. T-cell-rich B-cell lymphomas. A clinocopathologic study of 19 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 16:351–363;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Mallett S, Barclay AN. A new superfamily of cell surface proteins related to the nerve growth factor receptor. Immunol Today 12:220–223;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Masuya M, Kita K, Shimizu N, Ohishi K, Katayama N, Sekine T, Otsuji A, Miwa H, Shirakawa S. Biologic characteristics of acute leukemia after myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 81:3388–3394;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Matsue H, Bergstresser PR, Takashima A. Keratinocyte-derived IL-7 serves as a growth factor for dendritic epidermal T cells in mice. J Immunol 151:6012–6019;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  82. McNiece IK, Langley KE, Zsebo KM. The role of recombinant stem cell factor in early B cell development. Synergistic interaction with IL-7. J Immunol 146:3785–3790;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Merz H, Houssiau FA, Orscheschek K, Renauld JC, Fliedner A, Herin M, Noel H, Kadin M, Mueller-Hermelink HK, van Snick J. Interleukin-9 expression in human malignant lymphoma. Unique association with Hodgkin's disease and large cell anaplastic lymphoma. Blood 78:1311–1317;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Morrissey PJ, McKenna H, Widmer MB, Braddy S, Voice R, Charrier K, Williams DE, Watson JD. Steel factor (c-kit ligand) stimulates the in vitro growth of immature CD3-/CD4-/CD8-thymocytes. Synergy with IL-7. Cell Immunol 157:118–131;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Munro JM, Freedman AS, Aster JC, Gribben JG, Lee NC, Rhynhart KK, Banchereau J, Nadler LM. In vivo expression of the B7 costimulatory molecule by subsets of antigen-presenting cells and the malignant cells of Hodgkin's disease. Blood 83:793–798;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Murphy EE, Terres G, Macatonia SE, Hsieh CS, Mattson J, Lanier L, Wysocka M, Trinchieri G, Murphy K, O'Garra A. B7 and interleukin 12 cooperate for proliferation and interferon γ production by mouse T helper clones that are unresponsive to B7 costimulation. J Exp Med 180:223–231;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Nadali G, Vinante F, Ambrosetti A, Todeschini G, Veneri D, Zanotti R, Meneghini V, Ricetti MM, Benedetti F, Vassanelli A, et al. Serum levels of soluble CD30 are elevated in the majority of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and correlate with clinical features and prognosis. J Clin Oncol 12:793–797;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Nishikawa M, Ozawa K, Tojo A, Yoshikubo T, Okano A, Tani K, Ikebuchi K, Nakauchi H, Asano S. Changes in hematopoiesis-supporting ability of C3H10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblasts during differentiation. Blood 81:1184–1192;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Nozawa Y, Wachi E, Tominaga K, Abe M, Wakasa G. A novel monoclinal antibody (FUN-1) identifies an activation antigen in cells of the B-cell lineage and Reed-Sternberg cells. J Pathol 169:309–315;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  90. O'Grady JT, Stewart S, Lowrey J, Howie SEM, Krajewski AS. CD40 expression in Hodgkin's disease. Am J Pathol 144:21–26;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Paietta E, Stockert RJ, McManus M, Thompson D, Schmidt S, Wiernik PH. Hodgkin's cell lectin, a lymphocyte adhesion molecule and mitogen. J Immunol 143:2850–2857;1989.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Pinto AP, Gloghini A, Gattei V, Aldinucci D, Zagonel V, Carbone A. Expression of the c-kit receptor in human lymphomas is restricted to Hodgkin's disease and CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Blood 83:785–792;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Plum J, De Smedt M, Leclercq G. Exogenous IL-7 promotes the growth of CD3-CD4-CD8-CD44+CD25+/− precursor cells and blocks the differentiation pathway of TCR-αβ cells in fetal thymus organ culture. J Immunol 150:2706–2716;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Ramarathinam L, Castle M, Wu Y, Liu Y. T cell costimulation by B7/BB1 induces CD8 T cell-dependent tumor rejection. An important role of B7/BB1 in the induction, recruitment, and effector function of anti-tumor T cells. J Exp Med 179:1205–1214;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Ranheim EA, Kipps TJ. Activated T cells induce expression of B7/BB1 on normal or leukemic B cells through a CD40-dependent signal. J Exp Med 177:925–935;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Rosenberg SA. Hodgkin's disease. Challenges for the future. Cancer Res 49:767–769;1989.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Sandvej K, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Pallesen G. Influence of EBV latent membrane protein (LMP) on CD23, ICAM-1 and LFA-3 expression in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells (abstract). Second Int Symp Hodgkin's Disease, Cologne, 17;1991.

  98. Schall TJ, Lewis M, Koller KJ, Lee A, Rice GC, Wong GH, Gatanaga T, Granger GA, Lentz R, Raab H. Molecular cloning and expression of a receptor for human tumor necrosis factor. Cell 61:361–370;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Schibler KR, Ohls RK, Le T, Liechty KW, Christensen RD. Effect of recombinant stem cell factor on clonogenic maturation and cycle status of human fetal hematopoietic progenitors. Pedia Res 35:303–306;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Schlegelberger B, Weber-Matthiesen K, Himmler A, Bartels H, Sonnen R, Kuse R, Feller AC, Grote W. Cytogenetic findings and results of combined immunophenotyping and karyotyping in Hodgkin's disease. Leukemia 8:72–80;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Schmid C, Sweeney E, Isaacson PG. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in Hodgkin's disease. J Pathol 168:1–6;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Schwab U, Stein H, Gerdes J, Lemke H, Kirchner H, Schaadt M, Diehl VL. Production of a monoclonal antibody specific for Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and a subset of normal lymphoid cells. Nature 299:65–67;1982.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Schwaller J, Tobler A, Niklaus G, Hurwitz H, Hennig I, Fey MF, Borisch B. Interleukin-12 expression in human lymphomas and non-neoplastic lymphoid disorders. Blood 85:2182–2188;1995.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Schwartz RH. Costimulation of T lymphocytes — The role of CD28, CTLA4, and B7/BBI in interleukin-2 production and immunotherapy. Cell 71:1065–1068;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Slivnick DJ, Ellis TM, Nawrocki JF, Fisher RI. The impact of Hodgkin's disease on the immune system. Semin Oncol 17:673–682;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Smith CA, Gruss H-J, Davis T, Anderson D, Farrah T, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Brannan CI, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, et al. CD30 antigen, a marker for Hodgkin's lymphoma, is a receptor whose ligand defines an emerging family of cytokines with homology to TNF. Cell 73:1349–1360;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Stein H, Mason DY, Gerdes J, O'Connor N, Wainscoat J, Pallesen G, Gatter K, Falini B, Delsol G, Lemke H. The expression of the Hodgkin's disease associated antigen Ki-1 in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissue. Evidence that Reed-Sternberg cells and histiocytic malignancies are derived from activated lymphoid cells. Blood 66:848–858;1985.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Tesch H, Feller AC, Jucker M, Klein S, Merz H, Diehl V. Activation of cytokines in Hodgkin's disease. Ann Oncol 3(suppl 4):13–16;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Tomana M, Ideyama S, Iwai K, Gyotoku J, Germeraad WT, Muramatsu S, Katsura Y. Involvement of IL-7 in the development of γδ T cells in the thymus. Thymus 21:141–157;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Trumper L, Jung W, Dahl G, Diehl V, Gause A, Pfreundschuh M. Interleukin-7, interleukin-8, soluble TNF receptor, and p53 protein levels are elevated in the serum of patients with Hodgkin's disease. Ann Oncol 5(Suppl. 1):S93–96;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Uehira M, Matsuda H, Hikita I, Skata T, Fujiwara H, Nishimoto H. The development of dermatitis infiltrated by γδ T cells in IL-7 transgenic mice. Int Immunol 5:1619–1627;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Uyttenhove C, Druez C, Renauld J-C, Herin M, Noel H, van Snick J. Autonomous growth and tumorigenicity induced by P40/interleukin 9 cDNA transfection of a mouse P40-dependent T cell line. J Exp Med 173:519–522;1991.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Uyttenhove C, Simpson RJ, van Snick J. Functional and structural characterization of P40, a mouse glycoprotein with T-cell growth factor activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6934–6938;1988.

    Google Scholar 

  114. van Oers MH, Pals ST, Evers LM, van der Schoot CE, Koopman G, Bonfrer JM, Hintzen RQ, von dem Borne AE, van Lier RA. Expression and release of CD27 in human B-cell malignancies. Blood 82:3430–3436;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Vandenberghe P, Delabie J, de Boer M, De Wolf-Peeters C, Ceuppens JL. In situ expression of B7/BB1 on antigen-presenting cells and activated B cells. An immunohistochemical study. Int Immunol 5:317–321;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Weiss A, Manger B, Imboden J. Synergy between the T3/antigen receptor complex and Tp44 in the activation of human T cells. J Immunol 137:819–825;1986.

    Google Scholar 

  117. Widmer MB, Morrissey PJ, Goodwin RG, Grabstein KH, Park LS, Watson JD, Kincade PW, Conlon PJ, Namen AE. Lymphopoiesis and IL-7. Int J Cell Cloning 8(Suppl. 1):168–170;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Wilhelm D, Kirchner H. T cells and their roles in allergies. Exp Clin Immunogenet 10:208–218;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  119. Witte ON. Steel locus defines new multipotent growth factor. Cell 63:5–6;1990.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Yang Y-C. Human interleukin-9: A new cytokine in hematopoiesis. Leukemia Lymphoma 8:441–447;1992.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Yellin MJ, Sinning J, Covey LR, Sherman W, Lee JJ, Glickman-Nir E, Sippel KC, Rogers J, Cleary AM, Parker M, et al. T lymphocyte T cell-B cell-activating molecule/CD40L molecules induce normal B cells or chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells to express CD80 (B7/BB-1) and enhance their costimulatory activity. J Immunol 153:666–674;1994.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Yssel H, Schneider PV, Lanier LL. Interleukin-7 specifically induces the B7/BB1 antigen on human cord blood and peripheral blood T cells and T cell clones. Int Immunol 5:753–759;1993.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Zsebo KM, Williams DA, Geissler EN, Broudy VC, Martin FH, Atkins HL, Hsu RY, Birkett NC, Okino KH, Murdoch DC, Jacobsen FW, Langley KE, Smith KA, Takeishi T, Cattanach BM, Galli SJ, Suggs SV. Stem cell factor is encoded at the SI locus of the mouse and is the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor. Cell 63:213–224;1990.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. John L. McClellan Veterans Hospital, and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark., USA

    Su-Ming Hsu, James Waldron, Su-Su Xie &  Pei-Ling Hsu

  2. Laboratory Service (113/LR), John L. McClellan Veterans Hospital, 4300 West 7th Street, 72205, Little Rock, AR, USA

    Pei-Ling Hsu

Authors
  1. Su-Ming Hsu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. James Waldron
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Su-Su Xie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pei-Ling Hsu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hsu, SM., Waldron, J., Xie, SS. et al. Hodgkin's disease and anaplastic large cell lymphoma revisited. J Biomed Sci 2, 302–313 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02255217

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02255217

Key Words

Search

Navigation