Skip to main content
Log in

A working hypothesis for the etiology and pathogenesis of nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease

  • Editorial
  • Published:
The American Journal of Digestive Diseases Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Shorter RG, Spencer RJ, Huizenga KA, Hallenbeck GA: Inhibition of in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from patients with ulcerative colitis and granulomatous colitis for allogenic colonic epithelial cells using horse anti-human thymus serum. Gastroenterology 54:277–231, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  2. Shorter RG, Cardoza M, Huizenga KA, Spencer RJ: Further studies of in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from patients with ulcerative and granulomatous colitis for allogenic colonic epithelial cells including the effects of colectomy. Gastroenterology 56:304–309, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shorter RG, Cardoza M, Huizenga KA, ReMine SG, Spencer RJ: Further studies of in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for colonic epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 57:30–35, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  4. Shorter RG, Cardoza M, ReMine SG, Spencer RJ, Huizenga KA: Modification of in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from patients with colonic ulcerative colitis or granulomatous colitis for allogenic colonic epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 58:692–698, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  5. Shorter RG, Huizenga KA, ReMine SG, Spencer RJ: Effects of preliminary incubation of lymphocytes with serum on their cytotoxicity for colonic epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 58:843–850, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  6. Shorter RG, Huizenga KA, Spencer RJ, Aas J, Guy SK: Cytophilic antibody and the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for colonic cells in vitro. Am J Dig Dis 16:673–679, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fichtelius KE: Theliolymphoid organs—a new look at the lympho-epithelial organs, Lymphatic Tissue and Germinal Centers in Immune Response. New York, Plenum Press, 1969, p 9

    Google Scholar 

  8. Clarke SL: Isolated environment of lymphoid tissue of the intestine. Fed Proc 22:1339–1348, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  9. Perlmann P, Broberger O: Lower gastrointestinal system, Textbook of Immunopathology. Volume 2. Edited by PA Miescher, HJ Muller-Eberhard. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1969, p 551

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lippard VW, Schloss OM, Johnson PA: Immune reactions induced in infants by intestinal absorption of incompletely digested cow's milk protein. Am J Dis Child 51:562–574, 1936

    Google Scholar 

  11. Anderson AF, Schloss OM, Myers C: The intestinal absorption of antigenic protein by normal infants. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 23:180–182, 1925

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wilson GS, Miles AA: Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1964, p 2530

    Google Scholar 

  13. Acheson ED, Truelove SC: Early weaning in the etiology of ulcerative colitis. Br Med J 2:929–933, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  14. Staley TE, Wynn Jones E, Corley LD: Attachment and penetration ofEscherichia coli into intestinal epithelium of the ileum in newborn pigs. Am J Path 56:371–392, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  15. Springer GF, Horton RE: Erythrocyte sensitization by blood-group specific bacterial antigens. J Gen Physiol 47:1229–1250, 1964

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gruskey FL, Cooke RE: Gastrointestinal absorption of unaltered protein in normal infants and in infants recovering from diarrhea. Pediatrics 16:763–768, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  17. Weinstein L: Bacteriologic aspects of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 40:323–330, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  18. Bregman E, Kirsner JB: Colon antibodies in ulcerative colitis. J Lab Clin Med 56:795, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kunin CM: Antibody distribution against non-enteropathicE. coli. Arch Int Med 110:676–686, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lagercrantz R, Hammarstrom S, Perlmann P, Gustafsson BE: Immunological studies in ulcerative colitis: III. Incidence of antibodies to colon antigen in ulcerative colitis and other gastrointestinal diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 1:263–276, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  21. Thayer WR, Herskovic T, Brown M, Sangree H: Hemagglutinating antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Res 16:532, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kunin CM: Separation, characterization and biological significance of a common antigen in Enterobacteriaceae. J Exp Med 118:565–586, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kunin CM, Beard MV, Halmagyi NE: Evidence for a common hapten associated with endotoxin fractions ofE. coli and other enterobacteriaceae. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 111:160–166, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lagercrantz R, Hammarstrom S, Perlmann P, Gustafsson BE: Immunological studies in ulcerative colitis: IV. Origin of autoantibodies. J Exp Med 128:1339–1352, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  25. Perlmann P, Hammarstrom S, Lagercrantz R, Campbell D: Auto-antibodies to colon in rats and human ulcerative colitis: cross reactivity withEscherichia coli 014 antigen. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 125:975–980, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kraft SC, Kirsner JB: Ulcerative colitis, Immunological Diseases. Volume 2. Edited by M Samter, Boston, Little Brown & Company, 1971, p 1346

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kirsner JB, Palmer WL: Ulcerative colitis. JAMA 155:341–346, 1954

    Google Scholar 

  28. Singer HC, Anderson JGD, Frischer H, Kirsner JB: Familial aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 61:432–430, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  29. Neter E: Endotoxins and the immune response, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Volume 47, New York, Springer-Verlag, 1969, p 82

    Google Scholar 

  30. Neter E: Suppression of immunogenicity of common enterobacterial antigen. Ann NY Acd Sci 181:151–152, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  31. Thomas L: Role of endotoxins in immune and vascular reactions. Gastroenterology 40:364–369, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  32. Truelove SC: Ulcerative colitis provoked by milk. Br Med J 1:154–160, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  33. Andresen AFR: Ulcerative colitis—an allergic phenomenon. Am J Dig Dis 9:91–97, 1942

    Google Scholar 

  34. Andresen AFR: Allergic manifestations in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 23:20–35, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  35. Rowe AH: Chronic ulcerative colitis—allergy in its etiology. Ann Intern Med 17:83–100, 1942.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Felsen J, Wolarsky W: Acute and chronic bacillary dysentery and chronic ulcerative colitis. JAMA 153:1069–1072, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  37. Lockhart-Mummery JP: Ulcerative colitis. Proc Roy Soc Med 16:97–100, 1923

    Google Scholar 

  38. Taylor KB, Truelove SC: Immune mechanisms in gastrointestinal disease. Gut 3:277–288, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  39. Asherson G: Antigen-mediated depression of delayed hypersensitivity. Br Med Bull 23:24–29, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  40. Ratner B, Gruehl HL: Passage of native proteins through the normal gastrointestinal wall. J Clin Invest 13:517–532, 1934

    Google Scholar 

  41. Taylor K: Immune mechanisms in gastroenterology, Recent Advances in Gastroenterology. Edited by J Badenoch, BN Brooke. London, A & J Churchill, 1965, p 124

    Google Scholar 

  42. Braun W, Ishizuka M, Winchurch R, Webb D: Cells and signals in immunological non-responsiveness. Ann NY Acad Sci 181:289–298, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  43. Uhr JW, Moller G: Regulatory effect of antibody on the immune response. Adv Immunol 8:81, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  44. Brown CH: Discussion. Gastroenterology 51:808, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  45. Engel GL: Biologic and psychological features of the ulcerative colitis patient. Gastroenterology 40:313–322, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wolf S: The central nervous system regulation of the colon. Gastroenterology 51:810–821, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  47. Spector WG: Histology of allergic inflammation. Br Med Bull 23:35–38, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  48. Kraft SC: Comment. Gastroenterology 61:940–941, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  49. Watson DW: Immune responses and the gut. Gastroenterology 56:944–965, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gowans JL: The fate of parenteral small lymphocytes in F1 hybrid rats. Ann NY Acad Sci 99:432–455, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  51. Perlmann P, Broberger O: In vitro studies of ulcerative colitis: II. Cytotoxic action of white blood cells from patients on human fetal colon cells. J Exp Med 117:717–733, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  52. Watson DW, Quigley A, Bolt RJ: Effect of lymphocytes from patients with ulcerative colitis on human adult colon epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 51:985–993, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  53. Schild HO, Willoughby DA: Possible pharmacological mediators of delayed hypersensitivity. Br Med Bull 23:46–51, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  54. Granger GA: Mechanisms of lymphocyte-induced cell and tissue destruction in vitro. Am J Path 60:469–481, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  55. Shorter RG, Huizenga KA, Spencer RJ, Guy SK: Inflammatory bowel disease: the role of lymphotoxin in the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for colonic epithelial cells. Am J Dig Dis (In press)

  56. Gilbert AP, Ravelo GZ: Serum proteins and endotoxins in chronic ulcerative colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 11:124–126, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  57. Brooke BN, Slaney G: Portal bacteriemia in ulcerative colitis. Lancet 1:1206–1207, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Eade MN, Cooke WT, Brooke BN: Liver disease in ulcerative colitis: II. The long term effect of colectomy. Ann Int Med 72:489–497, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  59. Dixon FJ Jr: The role of antigen-antibody complexes in disease. Harvey Lect 58:21–52. 1963

    Google Scholar 

  60. Kraft SC, Kirsner JB: Present status of immunological mechanisms in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 51:788–797, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  61. Dubos R: The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 51:868–874, 1966

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Supported in part by grant AM12808 from the National Institutes of Health, US Public Health Service.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shorter, R.G., Huizenga, K.A. & Spencer, R.J. A working hypothesis for the etiology and pathogenesis of nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease. Digest Dis Sci 17, 1024–1032 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02239143

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02239143

Navigation