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Electromyography of the external anal sphincter

Comparison between needle and surface electrodes

  • Original Contributions
  • Published:
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum

Abstract

PURPOSE: Electromyography of the external anal sphincter is frequently used when investigating patients with defecation disorders. Investigations are often performed using an invasive technique by perineal insertion of a needle or wire electrode. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether surface electromyography, with electrodes applied to the perineal skin, is a reliable method in the diagnosis of paradoxical anal sphincter reaction. METHODS: Seventy-one patients with defecation disorders participated in the present study. They were investigated with electromyography of the external anal sphincter using surface and needle electrodes. RESULTS: In 65 of 71 (92 percent) patients the electromyography recording showed the same result during straining using surface electrodes when compared with needle electrodes. Twenty-two of these 65 patients had paradoxical anal sphincter reaction, and 43 patients had decreased electromyography activity. In 6 of 71 (8 percent) patients the electromyography recording showed a different pattern during straining using surface electrodes when compared with needle electrodes. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates a good correlation between surface electrodes applied to the perineal skin and concentric needle electrodes in the diagnosis of paradoxical anal sphincter reaction. Noninvasive electromyography recordings of the external anal sphincter are often preferred in the diagnosis of paradoxical anal sphincter reaction.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. From the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Annika López M.D. & Jan Zetterström M.D.

  2. the Department of General Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Anders Mellgren M.D., Ph.D. & Bo Holmström M.D., Ph.D.

  3. the Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Bengt Yngve Nilsson M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Annika López M.D.
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  2. Bengt Yngve Nilsson M.D., Ph.D.
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  3. Anders Mellgren M.D., Ph.D.
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  4. Jan Zetterström M.D.
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  5. Bo Holmström M.D., Ph.D.
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Additional information

Supported by grants from Kjell and Märta Beijers Stiftelse, Marianne and Marcus Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Bert von Kantzow's Research Foundation, and Karolinska Institutet Research Funds.

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López, A., Nilsson, B.Y., Mellgren, A. et al. Electromyography of the external anal sphincter. Dis Colon Rectum 42, 482–485 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02234172

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02234172

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