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A numerical wave prediction method for the North Atlantic Ocean

Eine numerische Wellenvorhersage-Methode für den Nordatlantik

Une méthode numérique de prédiction de vagues pour l'Atlantique Nord

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Summary

A wave prediction method has been developed for use in the North Atlantic Ocean. The method is based on the numerical integration of the energy balance equation and includes four terms in the source function which represent linear and exponential wave growth, wave-wave interactions and wave breaking.

Hindcasted wave data for two selected periods are compared with measurements of the one-dimensional wave spectra at ocean weather stations “India” and “Juliett” in the North Atlantic Ocean. In addition computed results are compared with measurements of the directional wave spectrum during one of the recording periods.

Further advances using similar numerical techniques are at present limited by a knowledge of the terms occurring in the source function and by inadequate wind field specifications.

Zusammenfassung

Für den Nordatlantik ist eine Wellenvorhersage-Methode entwickelt worden. Die Methode basiert auf der numerischen Integration der Gleichung für die Energie-Bilanz und enthält vier Glieder in der Quellfunktion, die ein lineares und exponentielles Anwachsen der Wellen sowie Wechselwirkungen Welle/Welle und Wellenbrechen darstellen.

Für zwei ausgewählte Zeitabschnitte werden Wellendaten, deren Vorhersage anhand der eingetretenen Werte geprüft worden ist, mit den Wellenmessungen der eindimensionalen Wellenspektren auf den Ozean-Wetterschiffen „India” und „Juliett” im Nordatlantik verglichen. Außerdem werden errechnete Ergebnisse mit Messungen des Richtspektrums der Wellen während einer Aufzeichnungsperiode verglichen.

Weitere Fortschritte in der Benutzung ähnlicher numerischer Techniken sind noch beschränkt durch eine nicht ausreichende Kenntnis der Glieder, die in der Quellenfunktion auftreten, und durch unzureichende Beschreibungen des Windfeldes.

Résumé

On a étudié une méthode de prédiction de vagues utilisable dans l'océan Atlantique Nord. La méthode a pour base l'intégration numérique de l'équation d'équilibre d'énergie et comprend quatre termes dans la fonction initiale qui représentent la croissance exponentielle et linéaire des vagues, les interactions d'une vague à l'autre et le déferlement des vagues.

Des données antérieures relatives aux vagues sur deux périodes choisies, sont comparées avec les spectres de vague à une dimension aux deux stations météorologiques océaniques «India» et «Juliett» dans l'Atlantique Nord. En outre des résultats obtenus par le calcul sont comparés à des mesures du spectre de vague directionnel au cours de l'une des périodes d'observation.

De nouveaux progrès dans l'utilisation de semblables techniques numériques sont bornés pour l'instant par la connaissance des termes figurant dans la fonction source et par des spécifications insuffisantes du champ de vent.

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Ewing, J.A. A numerical wave prediction method for the North Atlantic Ocean. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 24, 241–261 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02225707

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