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A review of the antiarthritic efficacy and safety of etodolac

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Summary

Etodolac (Lodine ®,Ramodar ®,Ultradol ®), an anti-inflammatory, analgesic agent, is the first of a new class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the pyranocarboxylic acids. A review of the literature on numerous clinical studies showed that etodolac (200 to 600 mg/day) is effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Etodolac has also been shown to be very well tolerated. In double-blind studies, there were no significant differences in the incidences of new patient complaints except for indigestion between etodolac-treated groups and placebo-treated groups. Gastrointestinal microbleeding associated with etodolac was comparable to that with placebo and was significantly less than that associated with other commonly used NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, and naproxen. The results of laboratory tests, including a detailed analysis of hepatic and renal function, have revealed few abnormalities, most of which were clinically unimportant. When administered to healthy subjects, etodolac had no pharmacokinetic interactions with three other drugs that are highly bound to serum protein: warfarin, glyburide, and phenytoin.

Sommario

L'Etodolac, (Lodine ®,Ramodar ®,Ultradol ®) un agente analgesico anti-infiammatorio, è il primo di una nuova classe di farmaci anti-infiammatori non steroidali, gli acidi piranocarbossilici. Un esame della letteratura su numerosi studi clinici ha mostrato che l'etodolac (200–600 mg/g) è efficace nella cura dell'osteoartrite (OA) e dell'artrite reumatoide (AR). L'etodolac ha dimostrato anche di essere ben tollerato. Nell'ambito di studi a doppio cieco non vi sono state differenze significative nell/incidenza di nuove lamentele da parte dei pazienti, fatta eccezione per l'indigestione, tra gruppi trattati con etodolac e gruppi trattati con un placebo. Le microemorragie intestinali collegate all'etodolac erano paragonabili a quelle con la somministrazione di un placebo ed erano significativamente inferiori di quelle associate ad altri farmaci anti-infiammatori non steroidali comunemente usati, quali l'ibuprofene, l'indometacina, il pirossicam e il naprossene. I risultati delle prove di laboratorio, compresa un'analisi dettagliata della funzione renale ed epatica, hanno rivelato poche anormalità, la maggior parte delle quali non importanti dal punto di vista clinico. Se somministrato a soggetti sani l'etodolac non ha avuto interazioni farmacocinetiche con tre altri farmaci che sono altamente legati alla proteina del siero: warfarina, gliburide e fenitoina.

Resumen

Etodolac (Lodine ®,Ramodar ®,Ultradol ®), un agente antiinflamatorio analgésico, es el primero de una nueva clase de fármacos antiinflamatorias no esteroides (FAINE), los ácidos piranocarboxilicos. Una revisión de la literatura sobre numerosos estudios clínicos mostró que etodolac (200–600 mg/día) es efectivo para el tratamiento de la osteoartritis (OA) y de la artritis reumatoidea (AR). Se ha mostrado también, que etodolac es bien tolerado. En estudios doblemente a ciegas, no se produjeron diferencias significativas en las incidencias de molestias en los pacientes nuevos, excepto por la indigestión, entre los grupos tratados con etodolac y los grupos que recibieron placebo. La hemorragia gastrointestinal asociada a etodolac fue similar a la producida con el uso de placebo y fue significativamente inferior a la asociada a otros FAINE comÚnmente utilizados, tales como ibuprofén, indometacina, piroxicam y naproxén. Los resultados de las pruebas de laboratorio, incluyendo un análisis detallado de la función hepática y de la renal, han mostrado pocas anormalidades, careciendo la mayoría de las mismas de importancia clínica. Cuando se administró etodolac a sujetos sanos no se produjeron interacciones farmacocinéticas con otros tres fármacos que se unen extensamente a las proteínas plasmáticas: warfarina, gliburida y fenitoína.

Zusammenfassung

Etodolac (Lodine ®,Ramodar ®,Ultradol ®), ein entzündungshemmendes Analgetikum, ist die erste Substanz einer neuen Klasse nichtsteroidaler entzündungshemmender Antirheumatika (NSAR), der PyrancarbonsÄuren. Den Literaturangaben über zahlreiche klinische Untersuchungen ist zu entnehmen, daΒ Etodolac (200– 600 mg/Tag) zur Behandlung von Osteoarthritis (OA) und rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) therapeutisch wirksam ist. ZusÄtzlich wird Etodolac sehr gut vertragen. AuΒer Verdauungsstörungen wurden in Doppelblindstudien keine signifikanten Unterschiede im Auftreten neuer Patientenbeschwerden zwischen den mit Etodolac behandelten Gruppen und den Placebo Kontrollgruppen festgestellt. Die auf Etodolac zurückzuführenden gastrointestinalen Mikroblutungen waren mit denen in den Placebo-Kontrollen vergleichbar, waren aber erheblich geringfügiger als bei anderen hÄufig verabreichten NSAR z.B. Ibuprofen, Indometacin, Piroxicam und Naproxen. Labordaten, einschlieΒlich ausführlicher Analysen der Leber- und Nierenfunktionen, ergaben nur wenige von der Norm abweichende Werte, von denen die meisten klinisch unbedeutend waren. In gesunden Probanden waren pharmakokinetische Interaktionen zwischen Etodolac und drei anderen, stark an Serumprotein gebundenen Therapeutika, nÄmlich Warfarin, Glyburid und Phenytoin, nicht nachweisbar.

Résumé

L'étodolac (Lodine ®,Ramodar ®,Ultradol ®), produit anti-inflammatoire et analgésique, est le premier médicament d'une nouvelle classe d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroÏdiens (AINS): les dérivés de l'acide pyranocarboxylique. Une revue de nombreuses études cliniques publiées dans la littérature a souligné l'efficacité de l'étodolac (à raison de 200–600 mg/jour) dans le traitement de l'arthrose et de la polyarthrite rhumatoÏde (PR). D'autre part, l'étodolac a fait preuve d'une très bonne tolérance. Dans les études à double insu, aucune différence significative n'a été observée en ce qui concerne l'incidence de nouveau symtÔmes dont les malades s'étaient plaints, exception faite de l'indigestion, entre les groupes traités par étodolac et les groupes traités par placebo. Au niveau de l'appareil digestif, les microrragies associées à l'étodolac étaient comparables à celles qui se sont produites sous placebo et elles étaient significativement moins importantes que celles qui étaient associées à d'autres AINS employés couramment, tels que l'ibuprofène, l'indométacine, le piroxicam, et le naproxène. Les résultats d'examens biologiques, y compris l'analyse détaillée des explorations fonctionnelles hépatique et rénale, ont fait ressortir peu d'anomalies et pour la plupart sans importance clinique. A la suite de l'administration de l'étodolac à des sujets sains, aucune interaction pharmacocinétique n'a été observée entre celui-ci et trois autres médicaments qui présentent un pourcentage élevé de liaison aux protéines sériques: la warfarine, le glibenclamide, et la phénytoÏne.

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Zvaifler, N. A review of the antiarthritic efficacy and safety of etodolac. Clin Rheumatol 8 (Suppl 1), 43–53 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02214109

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