Summary
In a udic chromusterts the transformation of an initial application of15N-urea @ 80 kg N ha−1 to rice (Oryza sativa L.) in rice-wheat (R-W) and to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in wheat-rice (W-R) rotations was followed in 6 successive crops in each rotation. All rice crops were grown in irrigated wetland and wheat in irrigated upland conditions.
The first wheat crop in W-R rotation utilized 22 kg fertilizer N ha−1 as compared to 19 kg by the corresponding rice crop in R-W rotation. But the latter absorbed more soil N than the former. About 69% of the total N uptake in rice was derived from mineralization of soil organic N as compared to 61% in wheat.
The succeeding wheat crop in R-W rotation utilized 6.7% of the residual fertilizer N in the soil but the corresponding rice crop in W-R rotation only 2.2%. The higher utilization appeared to be related to a greater incorporation of labelled fertilizer N in mineral and hexosamine fractions of the soil N. After the second crop in each rotation, the average residual fertilizer N utilization in the next 4 crops ranged between 3 and 4%.
The total recovery of15N-urea in all crops amounted to 21.7 and 24.3 kg N ha−1 in R-W and W-R rotation, respectively. At the end of the experiment, about 9 to 10 kg ha−1 of the applied labelled N was found in soil upto 60 cm depth. Most of the labelled soil N (69–76%) was located in the upper 0–20 cm soil layer indicating little movement to lower depths despite intensive cropping for 4 years.
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Shinde, J.E., Krishnayya, K., Rao, K.V. et al. Transformation of15N-labelled urea in rice-wheat cropping system. Plant Soil 88, 345–351 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197491
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197491