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From noise to order: The psychological development of knowledge and phenocopy in biology

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  1. But let me recall that even in this case we have always insisted on the fact that all interiorization of action demands a reconstruction on the level of conceptualization.

  2. Genome. The entire complex of hereditary material functioning as a whole and composed of interacting elements, i.e., genes. Piaget's choosing to speak of genomic rather genetic control of development is an extension of his particular type of interactionism, in which the main arena for the interaction of factors lies within the organism rather than between it and the environment. [Editor]

  3. But Chomsky's innate deep structures are more and more being abandoned by specialists in the problem; see the works of R. Brown, E. Lenneberg and, more recently, D. McNeill.

  4. See K. Lorenz,On Aggression (New York: Harcourt Brace and World, 1955).

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  5. If one were to raise the objection that the contracted genotype in the most agitated places is due only to an incidental mutation from natural selection, we would answer: (1) If it were due to chance, one would have to find a little of it everywhere (since we have verified that it survives in tranquil waters); this is not the case. (2) The selection of such a genotype would be useless since the contracted phenotype suffices for all needs.

  6. The Process of Evolution (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963).

  7. See also theGenetic Assimilations of C. H. Waddington. But this noted author seems to us to go further than we do in the formative actions he attributes to the phenotype (see his “speculation” illustrated by Fig. 36, p. 181, in hisStrategy of the Genes).

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Published with permission of the author and the translators, Howard E. Gruberand Jacques Voneche; it is an excerpt fromThe Essential Piaget, edited by Howard E. Gruber and Jacques Yoneche (Basic Books, in press).

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Piaget, J. From noise to order: The psychological development of knowledge and phenocopy in biology. Urban Rev 8, 209–218 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02177361

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