Abstract
Spin-1 fields are constructed automatically using the regular representation of the three-dimensional complex orthogonal group and the group's isomorphism with the Lorentz group. The fields and potentials are examined as one lets their mass go to zero. Going to masslessness after the differentiation of potentials results in a consistent formulation of the fields. The behavior of the massive and massless potentials under rotations in the particle frame is examined. The loss of global degrees of freedom as one goes from one to the other is made up by the appearance of gradient terms.
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Ahrens, T. Lorentz invariance, approach to helicity, and gauge transformations for Spin-1. Int J Theor Phys 23, 185–194 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02081002
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02081002