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Surgical problems in octogenarians: Epidemiological analysis of 1,083 consecutive admissions

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Abstract

Patients older than 80 years of age are the most rapidly increasing group among surgical admissions and patients visiting emergency rooms. Epidemiological data of this group are of enormous medical and economic relevance. The principle aim of this study was to determine factors predictive of operative mortality in octagenarians, their clinical profiles, and length of stay compared to younger patients in similar diagnostic categories. A computer-based registry of geriatric surgery was used to record and analyze all relevant clinical and epidemiological data. The rate of admissions in octogenarians increased during the 18-year period (1973–1989) from 0.7% to 7.5% of all admissions. The number of patients undergoing surgery was 700. Three hundred and seventy-one of the procedures were elective and 329 were emergencies. Operations in octagenarians as a percentage of all operative procedures increased during the period considered from 1.1% to 5.1%. The operative mortality in this series was 10.5% prior to 1984 and decreased to 6% during the last 5 years. The average hospital stay of octagenarians was 9.8 days as opposed to 4.9 days in patients <70 years of age. The prognostic classification described by the authors proved very helpful in predicting mortality.

Résumé

Le nombre d'admissions et d'urgences chirurgicales parmi les patients âgés de 80 ans ou plus augmente rapidement. L'épidémiologie de ce groupe de patients est donc d'actualité et d'un intérêt médical et économique. Le but principal de cette étude était de déterminer, chez ces sujets octagénaires, les facteurs prédictifs de la mortalité opératoire, les tableaux cliniques et la durée moyenne de séjour, et de les comparer à ceux des patients plus jeunes ayant les mêmes diagnostics. Un registre informatisé de chirurgie gériatrique a été utilisé pour recueillir et analyser les données cliniques et épidémiologiques. Le taux d'admissions des octagénaires est passé de 0.7% à 7.5% de toutes les admissions pendant les 18 ans de la période d'étude (1973–1989). Le nombre total de patients opérés a été de 700. Parmi ceux-ci, 371 ont eu une intervention élective, alors que 329 patients ont été opérés en urgence. Le pourcentage des interventions pratiquées chez les octagénaires pendant la période étudiée a augmenté de 1.1% à 5.1%. La mortalité opératoire dans cette série a été de 10.5% avant 1984, et de 6% pendant les 5 dernières années. La durée moyenne de séjour des octagénaires était de 9.8 jours comparés à 4.9 jours chez les patients de moins de 70 ans. La classification pronostique décrit par les auteurs est utile pour prédire la mortalité.

Resumen

Los pacientes mayores de 80 años representan el grupo de mayor crecimiento entre las hospitalizaciones quirúrgicas y las consultas a las salas de urgencias. La información epidemiológica sobre este grupo es de enorme pertinencia médica y económica. El principal objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los factores de predicción en cuanto a mortalidad operatoria en los octogenarios, sus perfiles clínicos y la duración de la hospitalización, en comparación con pacientes jovenes en similares categorías diagnósticas. Se utilizó un registro computadorizado de la cirugía geriátrica para registrar y analizar toda la información clínica y epidemiológica pertinente. La tasa de admisión de los octogenarios aumentó de 0.7% a 7.5% del total de admisiones en el período de 18 años entre 1973 y 1989. El número de pacientes sometido a cirugía fue 700; 371 de las operaciones fueron electivas y 329 fueron emergencias. El porcentaje de operaciones realizadas en octogenarios en relación al total de operaciones aumentó de 1.1% a 5.1%. La mortalidad operatoria en esta serie fue de 10.5% antes de 1984, y descendió a 6% en los últimos 5 años. El promedio de duración de la hospitalización para los octogenarios fue 9.8 días, contra 4.9 en los pacientes memores de 70 años. La clasificación pronóstica descrita por los autores demostró ser de gran utilidad en cuanto a la predicción de mortlidad.

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Reiss, R., Deutsch, A. & Nudelman, I. Surgical problems in octogenarians: Epidemiological analysis of 1,083 consecutive admissions. World J. Surg. 16, 1017–1020 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067023

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