Summary
Damage to premigratory cranial neural crest cells results in cardiovascular anomalies of so-called conotruncal anomaly. In one report, it was suggested that hemodynamic alteration would precede abnormal cardiovascular morphogenesis. We repeated this hemodynamic study in neural crest cell-excised chick embryos and found that there was no difference in heart rate and blood pressure between the treated embryos (n=11; 164±3 beats per min (BPM) and 0.75±0.03 mmHg, respectively) and control embryos (n=7; 160±6 BPM and 0.72±0.07 mmHg, respectively). The response of heart rate to acetylcholine was less (P<0.05) in the treated embyos (−13% ±2%) than in the control (−20%±2%). Thus, the present data do not support the hypothesis that alterations in blood pressure and heart rate are causally related to abnormal cardiovascular morphogenesis. The developmental significance of subtle functional changes in neural crest-extirpated embryos in response to cholinergic challenge is unclear.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kirby ML, Bockman DE (1984) Neural crest and normal development: A new perspective. Anat Rec 209: 1–6
Kirby ML (1987) Cardiac morphogenesis—Recent research advances. Pediatr Res 21: 219–224
Nishibatake M, Kirby ML, Van Mierop LHS (1987) Pathogenesis of persistent truncus arteriosus and dextroposed aorta in the chick embryo after neural crest ablation. Circulation 75: 255–264
Phillips MT, Kirby ML, Forbes G (1987) Analysis of cranial neural crest distribution in the developing heart using quail-chick chimeras. Circ Res 60: 27–30
Kirby ML, Gale TF, Stewart DE (1983) Neural crest cells contribute to normal aorticopulmonary septation. Science 220: 1059–1061
Stewart DE, Kirby ML, Sulik KK (1986) Hemodynamic changes in chick embryos precede heart defects after cardiac neural crest ablation. Circ Res 59: 545–550
Clark EB, Hu N (1982) Developmental hemodynamic changes in the chick embryo from stage 18 to 27. Circ Res 51: 810–815
Nakazawa M, Miyagawa S, Takao A, Clark EB, Hu N (1986) Hemodynamic effects of environmental hyperthermia in stage 18, 21, and 24 chick embryos. Pediatr Res 20: 1213–1215
Miyagawa S, Ando M, Takao A (1986) Contribution of neural crest cells to cardiogenesis—Microsurgery of cardiac neural crest in chick embryos (abstract) Jpn Circ J 50: 705
Hamburger V, Hamilton HL (1951) A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol 88: 49–92
Nakazawa M, Miyagawa S, Ohno T, Miura S, Takao A (1988) Developmental hemodynamic changes in rat embryos at 11 to 15 days of gestation: Normal data of blood pressure and the effect of caffeine compared to data from chick embryo. Pediatr Res 23: 200–205
Besson WT III, Kirby ML, Van Mierop LHS, Teabeaut JR II (1986) Effects of the size of lesions of the cardiac neural crest at various embryonic ages on incidence and type of cardiac defects. Circulation 73: 360–364
Cohn AE (1927) Physiologic ontogeny: A. Chick embryos. XIII. The temperature characteristics for the contraction rate of the whole heart. J Gen Physiol 10: 369–375
Romanoff AL (1960) The avian embryo: structure and functional development. MacMillan, New York
Seidl W, Schulze M, Steding G, Kluth D (1981) New remarks on the physiology of the chick embryo heart. Folia Morphol 29: 237–242
Nakazawa M, Clark EB, Hu N, Wispe J (1985) Effect of environmental hypothermia in vitelline artery blood pressure and vascular resistance in the stage 18, 21, and 24 chick embryo. Pediatr Res 19: 651–654
Kirby ML, Aronstam RS, Buccafusco JJ (1985) Changes in cholinergic parameters associated with failure of conotruncal septation in embryonic chick hearts after neural crest ablation. Circ Res 56: 392–401
Pappano AJ (1977) Pathogenetic development of autonomic neuro-effector transmission and transmitter reactivity in embryonic and fetal hearts. Pharmacol Rev 29: 3–33
Szantroch Z (1929) L'histogenese des ganglions nerveux du coeur. Bull int Acad polon Sci Lett Ser B II: 417–431
de la Cruz MV, Sanchez C, Arteaga M, Arguello C (1977) Experimental study of the development of the truncus and the conus in the chick embryo. J Anat 123: 661–686
Rychter Z (1978) Analysis of relations between aortic arches and aorticopulmonary septation. Birth Defects 14: 443–448
Thompson RP, Fitzharris TP (1978) Morphogenesis of the truncus arteriosus of the chick embryo heart: Tissue reorganization during septation. Am J Anat 156: 215–264
Nakazawa M, Ohno T, Miyagawa S, Takao A (1989) Hemodynamic effects of acetylcholine in the chick embryo and their difference from those in the rat embryo. Teratology (in press)
Burnstock G (1980) Cholinergic and purinergic regulation of blood vessels. In: Bohr DF, Somlyo AP, Sparks HV Jr (eds) Handbook of Physiology, Section 2: The Cardiovascular System, Vol. II. Am Physiol Soc, Bethesda, pp 567–612
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nakazawa, M., Miyagawa, S., Nishibatake, M. et al. Hemodynamic characteristics in neural crest cell-excised chick embryo. Heart Vessels 4, 136–140 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02058425
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02058425